Ortiz Pilar, Torres-Sánchez Alfonso, López-Moreno Ana, Cerk Klara, Ruiz-Moreno Ángel, Monteoliva-Sánchez Mercedes, Ampatzoglou Antonis, Aguilera Margarita, Gruszecka-Kosowska Agnieszka
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (UGR-INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
J Xenobiot. 2022 Mar 17;12(1):56-63. doi: 10.3390/jox12010006.
Chemical risk assessment in the context of the risk analysis framework was initially designed to evaluate the impact of hazardous substances or xenobiotics on human health. As the need of multiple stressors assessment was revealed to be more reliable regarding the occurrence and severity of the adverse effects in the exposed organisms, the cumulative risk assessment started to be the recommended approach. As toxicant mixtures and their "cocktail effects" are considered to be main hazards, the most important exposure for these xenobiotics would be of dietary and environmental origin. In fact, even a more holistic prism should currently be considered. In this sense, the definition of One Health refers to simultaneous actions for improving human, animal, and environmental health through transdisciplinary cooperation. Global policies necessitate going beyond the classical risk assessment for guaranteeing human health through actions and implementation of the One Health approach. In this context, a new perspective is proposed for the integration of microbiome biomarkers and next generation probiotics potentially impacting and modulating not only human health, but plant, animal health, and the environment.
在风险分析框架背景下的化学风险评估最初旨在评估有害物质或异生物素对人类健康的影响。随着人们发现对多种应激源进行评估对于了解受暴露生物体中不良反应的发生情况和严重程度更为可靠，累积风险评估开始成为推荐方法。由于有毒混合物及其“鸡尾酒效应”被视为主要危害，这些异生物素最重要的暴露来源是饮食和环境。事实上，目前甚至应考虑一个更全面的视角。从这个意义上说，“同一健康”的定义是指通过跨学科合作同时采取行动改善人类、动物和环境健康。全球政策需要超越传统风险评估，通过采取行动和实施“同一健康”方法来保障人类健康。在此背景下，提出了一个新视角，即整合微生物组生物标志物和下一代益生菌，它们可能不仅会影响和调节人类健康，还会影响和调节植物、动物健康以及环境。
