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用于高性能锂氧电池的低挥发性耐用深共晶电解质

A Low-Volatile and Durable Deep Eutectic Electrolyte for High-Performance Lithium-Oxygen Battery.

作者信息

Li Chao-Le, Huang Gang, Yu Yue, Xiong Qi, Yan Jun-Min, Zhang Xin-Bo

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.

State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.

出版信息

J Am Chem Soc. 2022 Apr 6;144(13):5827-5833. doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c11711. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Abstract

The lithium-oxygen battery (LOB) with a high theoretical energy density (∼3500 Wh kg) has been regarded as a strong competitor for next-generation energy storage systems. However, its performance is still far from satisfactory due to the lack of stable electrolyte that can simultaneously withstand the strong oxidizing environment during battery operation, evaporation by the semiopen feature, and high reactivity of lithium metal anode. Here, we have developed a deep eutectic electrolyte (DEE) that can fulfill all the requirements to enable the long-term operation of LOBs by just simply mixing solid -methylacetamide (NMA) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) at a certain ratio. The unique interaction of the polar groups in the NMA with the cations and anions in the LiTFSI enables DEE formation, and this NMA-based DEE possesses high ionic conductivity, good thermal, chemical, and electrochemical stability, and good compatibility with the lithium metal anode. As a result, the LOBs with the NMA-based DEE present a high discharge capacity (8647 mAh g), excellent rate performance, and superb cycling lifetime (280 cycles). The introduction of DEE into LOBs will inject new vitality into the design of electrolytes and promote the development of high-performance LOBs.

摘要

具有高理论能量密度(约3500 Wh kg)的锂-氧电池(LOB)被视为下一代储能系统的有力竞争者。然而,由于缺乏能够同时承受电池运行过程中强氧化环境、半开放特性导致的蒸发以及锂金属负极高反应性的稳定电解质,其性能仍远不能令人满意。在此,我们开发了一种深共晶电解质(DEE),通过简单地将固体N-甲基乙酰胺(NMA)和双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺锂(LiTFSI)按一定比例混合,就能满足使LOB长期运行的所有要求。NMA中极性基团与LiTFSI中的阳离子和阴离子之间独特的相互作用促使形成了DEE,这种基于NMA的DEE具有高离子电导率、良好的热稳定性、化学稳定性和电化学稳定性,以及与锂金属负极良好的兼容性。因此,采用基于NMA的DEE的LOB具有高放电容量(8647 mAh g)、优异的倍率性能和超长的循环寿命(280次循环)。将DEE引入LOB将为电解质设计注入新的活力,并推动高性能LOB的发展。

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