Deschamps Jack-Yves, Abboud Nour, Roux Françoise A
Emergency and Critical Care Unit-Nutrition, PathoPhysiology and Pharmacology (NP3) Unit, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, La Chantrerie, CS 40706, CEDEX 03, 44 307 Nantes, France.
Vet Sci. 2022 Feb 28;9(3):106. doi: 10.3390/vetsci9030106.
Despite the ability to determine feline blood types, the transfusion of canine blood to cats is still practiced in some countries. Xenotransfusion is effective-even if its effects only last for a few days-and is not associated with serious adverse effects. It avoids the need for blood typing, and most importantly, it avoids the transmission of intraspecific infectious agents, notably the feline leukemia virus (FeLV). Transfusion with canine blood is easier, quicker and less costly than transfusion with feline blood; it is less disagreeable for the donor. In the light of these arguments, when feline blood collected according to current guidelines is not available, in particular when the donor is not confirmed to be negative for the FeLV provirus, the authors consider it to be judicious to use canine blood for feline transfusion in emergency situations; this practice is preferable to inaction and to the inoculation of an infectious agent. Allotransfusion remains preferable in non-emergency situations as a treatment of chronic compensated anaemiae or if an appropriate donor (negative for FeLV provirus) is available. However, 2-4 days after a xenotransfusion, if a clinical alteration and a significant decrease in haematocrit are observed, a transfusion with cat's blood confirmed to be negative for FeLV provirus should be performed. Xenotransfusion should never be used twice.
尽管有能力确定猫的血型，但在一些国家仍存在给猫输注犬血的做法。异种输血是有效的——即使其效果仅持续几天——并且不会产生严重的不良反应。它无需进行血型鉴定，最重要的是，它避免了种内传染因子的传播，尤其是猫白血病病毒（FeLV）。输注犬血比输注猫血更容易、更快捷且成本更低；对供血者来说也不那么难受。鉴于这些理由，当按照现行指南采集的猫血不可用时，特别是当供血者未被确认FeLV前病毒呈阴性时，作者认为在紧急情况下给猫输注犬血是明智的；这种做法比不作为和接种传染因子更可取。在非紧急情况下，作为慢性代偿性贫血的治疗方法或如果有合适的供血者（FeLV前病毒呈阴性），同种输血仍是更可取的。然而，异种输血后2至4天，如果观察到临床改变和血细胞比容显著下降，应进行确认FeLV前病毒呈阴性的猫血输血。异种输血绝不应使用两次。
