Pullen Ben J, Oliver Jon L, Lloyd Rhodri S, Knight Camilla J
Youth Physical Development Centre, Cardiff Metropolitan University Cyncoed Campus, Cardiff CF23 6XB, UK.
Welsh Institute of Performance Science, Sport Wales, Sophia Gardens, Cardiff CF11 9SW, UK.
Children (Basel). 2022 Mar 8;9(3):375. doi: 10.3390/children9030375.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between athletic motor skill competencies (AMSC), maturation, sex, body mass index, physical performance, and psychological constructs (motivation to exercise, physical self-efficacy, and global self-esteem). Two-hundred and twenty-four children aged 11-13 years old were included in the study and sub-divided by sex. The athlete introductory movement screen (AIMS) and tuck jump assessment (TJA) were used to assess AMSC, while standing long jump distance assessed physical performance. Online surveys examined participants' motivation to exercise, physical self-efficacy, and self-esteem. Trivial to moderate strength relationships were evident between AMSC and BMI (boys: = -0.183; girls: = -0.176), physical performance (boys: = 0.425; girls: = 0.397), and psychological constructs (boys: = 0.130-0.336; girls = 0.030-0.260), with the strength of relationships different between the sexes. Higher levels of AMSC were related to significantly higher levels of physical performance ( = 0.25), motivation to exercise ( = 0.17), and physical self-efficacy ( = 0.15-0.19) in both boys and girls. Enhancing AMSC may have mediating effects on levels of physical performance and psychological constructs in school-aged children, which may hold important implications for physical activity levels and the development of physical literacy.
本研究的目的是探讨运动技能能力（AMSC）、成熟度、性别、体重指数、身体表现和心理结构（运动动机、身体自我效能感和总体自尊）之间的关系。该研究纳入了224名11至13岁的儿童，并按性别进行了细分。使用运动员入门动作筛查（AIMS）和团身跳评估（TJA）来评估AMSC，而立定跳远距离则用于评估身体表现。在线调查考察了参与者的运动动机、身体自我效能感和自尊。AMSC与BMI（男孩：=-0.183；女孩：=-0.176）、身体表现（男孩：=0.425；女孩：=0.397）和心理结构（男孩：=0.130 - 0.336；女孩 = 0.030 - 0.260）之间存在轻微至中等强度的关系，且两性之间关系的强度有所不同。在男孩和女孩中，较高水平的AMSC均与显著更高水平的身体表现（=0.25）、运动动机（=0.17）和身体自我效能感（=0.15 - 0.19）相关。提高AMSC可能对学龄儿童的身体表现水平和心理结构具有中介作用，这可能对身体活动水平和身体素养的发展具有重要意义。
