Pullen Ben J, Oliver Jon L, Lloyd Rhodri S, Knight Camilla J
Youth Physical Development Centre, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cyncoed Campus, Cardiff CF23 6XB, Wales, UK.
Welsh Institute of Performance Science, Sport Wales, Sophia Gardens, Cardiff CF11 9SW, Wales, UK.
Sports (Basel). 2020 Oct 17;8(10):138. doi: 10.3390/sports8100138.
Leading global physical activity guidelines advocate that young children need to engage in activities that strengthen musculoskeletal tissues and improve movement skill competency. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of delivering strength and conditioning as part of the physical education curriculum on athletic motor skill competencies (AMSC), physical performance, and psychosocial factors. Forty-six school children aged 11-14 were included in the study, and sub-divided firstly by sex and then into intervention and control groups. Intervention groups received nine lessons of strength and conditioning based activities over a six-week period, while the control groups continued with traditional physical education curricula. The resistance training skills battery (RTSB) and tuck jump assessment (TJA) assessed AMSC. Standing long jump distance assessed lower limb strength, and online surveys examined motivation, physical self-efficacy and self-esteem. Male and female intervention groups significantly improved RTSB ( > 0.05) whereas no changes were observed in the control groups. No changes were observed in the intervention groups TJA and only trivial and small non-significant changes in standing long jump performance. Significant increases in motivation of the male intervention group occurred. Strength and conditioning integrated in physical education can improve AMSC in short-term interventions.
全球主要的体育活动指南倡导，幼儿需要参与能够增强肌肉骨骼组织并提高运动技能能力的活动。本研究的目的是检验将力量与体能训练作为体育课程的一部分进行实施，对运动技能能力（AMSC）、身体表现和社会心理因素的影响。46名11至14岁的学童被纳入该研究，并首先按性别进行划分，然后再分为干预组和对照组。干预组在六周内接受了九节基于力量与体能训练的活动课程，而对照组则继续采用传统体育课程。通过阻力训练技能组合测试（RTSB）和团身跳评估（TJA）对AMSC进行评估。立定跳远距离用于评估下肢力量，通过在线调查考察动机、身体自我效能感和自尊。男性和女性干预组的RTSB均有显著改善（>0.05），而对照组未观察到变化。干预组的TJA未观察到变化，立定跳远表现仅出现微小且不显著的变化。男性干预组的动机有显著提高。在体育教育中融入力量与体能训练可以在短期干预中提高AMSC。
