Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Ophthalmology, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 12;23(6):3083. doi: 10.3390/ijms23063083.
Rapidly increasing worldwide prevalence of obesity and related pathologies encompassing coronary heart disease, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, or type 2 diabetes constitute serious threats to global health and are associated with a significantly elevated risk of premature death. Considering the enormous burden of these pathologies, novel therapeutic and preventive patterns are indispensable. Dysregulation of one of the most complex biological systems in the human body namely, the endocannabinoid system (ECS) may result in metabolic imbalance and development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, many studies showed that physical exercises, depending on their type, intensity, and frequency, exert various alterations within the ECS. Emerging evidence suggests that targeting the ECS via physical activity may produce robust beneficial effects on the course of metabolic pathologies. However, the data showing a direct correlation between the ECS and physical activity in the aspect of metabolic health are very scarce. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide the most up-to-date state of knowledge about the interplay between the ECS activity and physical exercises in the novel therapeutic and preventive approach toward metabolic pathologies. We believe that this paper, at least in part, will fulfill the existing gap in knowledge and encourage researchers to further explore this very complex yet interesting link between the ECS, its action in physical activity, and subsequent positive outcomes for metabolic health.
肥胖及其相关疾病（包括冠心病、高血压、代谢综合征或 2 型糖尿病）在全球范围内的患病率迅速上升，对全球健康构成严重威胁，并与过早死亡的风险显著增加相关。考虑到这些疾病的巨大负担，新型治疗和预防模式是必不可少的。人体中最复杂的生物系统之一——内源性大麻素系统（ECS）的失调可能导致代谢失衡和胰岛素抵抗、2 型糖尿病或非酒精性脂肪性肝病的发展。此外，许多研究表明，运动的类型、强度和频率会对内源性大麻素系统产生各种影响。新出现的证据表明，通过体育活动靶向内源性大麻素系统可能对代谢疾病的进程产生强大的有益影响。然而，在代谢健康方面，内源性大麻素系统与体育活动之间存在直接相关性的数据非常有限。因此，本综述的目的是提供关于 ECS 活性与体育锻炼在代谢疾病的新型治疗和预防方法中的相互作用的最新知识状况。我们相信，本文至少在一定程度上填补了现有知识空白，并鼓励研究人员进一步探索 ECS 及其在体育活动中的作用，以及对代谢健康产生的后续积极影响之间非常复杂但有趣的联系。
