Wiciński Michał, Fajkiel-Madajczyk Anna, Kurant Zuzanna, Gryczka Karol, Kurant Dominik, Szambelan Monika, Malinowski Bartosz, Falkowski Michal, Zabrzyński Jan, Słupski Maciej
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Dr. A. Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2023 Jul 11;12(14):4620. doi: 10.3390/jcm12144620.
Cannabis-derived therapies are gaining popularity in the medical world. More and more perfect forms of cannabinoids are sought, which could be used in the treatment of many common diseases, including metabolic syndrome, whose occurrence is also increasing. The purpose of this review was to investigate the usefulness of cannabinoids, mainly cannabidiol (CBD), in individuals with obesity, impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, high blood pressure, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We summarised the most recent research on the broad topic of cannabis-derived influence on metabolic syndrome components. Since there is a lot of work on the effects of Δ9-THC (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) on metabolism and far less on cannabidiol, we felt it needed to be sorted out and summarised in this review. The research results on the use of cannabidiol in obesity are contraindicatory. When it comes to glucose homeostasis, it appears that CBD maintains it, sensitises adipose tissue to insulin, and reduces fasting glucose levels, so it seems to be a potential target in this kind of metabolic disorder, but some research results are inconclusive. CBD shows some promising results in the treatment of various lipid disorders. Some studies have proven its positive effect by decreasing LDL and increasing HDL as well. Despite their probable efficacy, CBD and its derivatives will likely remain an adjunctive treatment rather than a mainstay of therapy. Studies have also shown that CBD in patients with hypertension has positive effects, even though the hypotensive properties of cannabidiol are small. However, CBD can be used to prevent blood pressure surges, stabilise them, and have a protective effect on blood vessels. Results from preclinical studies have shown that the effect of cannabidiol on NAFLD may be potentially beneficial in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome and its components. Nevertheless, there is limited data on CBD and NAFLD in human studies. Because of the numerous confounding factors, the conclusions are unclear, and more research in this field is required.
大麻衍生疗法在医学界越来越受欢迎。人们正在寻找越来越完善的大麻素形式，其可用于治疗许多常见疾病，包括代谢综合征，而代谢综合征的发病率也在上升。本综述的目的是研究大麻素，主要是大麻二酚（CBD），在肥胖、糖脂代谢受损、高血压和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）患者中的效用。我们总结了关于大麻衍生对代谢综合征各组分影响这一广泛主题的最新研究。由于关于Δ9-四氢大麻酚（Δ9-THC）对代谢影响的研究很多，而关于大麻二酚的研究较少，我们觉得有必要在本综述中进行梳理和总结。关于大麻二酚在肥胖症中的使用研究结果相互矛盾。在葡萄糖稳态方面，CBD似乎能维持其稳定，使脂肪组织对胰岛素敏感，并降低空腹血糖水平，因此它似乎是这类代谢紊乱的一个潜在靶点，但一些研究结果尚无定论。CBD在治疗各种脂质紊乱方面显示出一些有前景的结果。一些研究也证明了它通过降低低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和增加高密度脂蛋白（HDL）产生的积极作用。尽管它们可能有效，但CBD及其衍生物可能仍将是辅助治疗而非主要治疗手段。研究还表明，CBD对高血压患者有积极作用，尽管大麻二酚的降压特性较小。然而，CBD可用于预防血压飙升、使其稳定，并对血管有保护作用。临床前研究结果表明，大麻二酚对NAFLD的作用在代谢综合征及其组分的治疗中可能具有潜在益处。然而，关于CBD与NAFLD的人体研究数据有限。由于存在众多混杂因素，结论尚不清楚，该领域需要更多研究。
