College of Animal Sciences, Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun 130062, China.
Public Computer Education and Research Center, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun 130062, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 18;23(6):3288. doi: 10.3390/ijms23063288.
Porcine circovirus type 4 (PCV4) is a newly identified porcine circovirus (PCV) belonging to the genus family. Although several groups have conducted epidemiological investigations on PCV4 and found that PCV4 also exists widely in pigs, there are few reports on the origin and evolution of PCV4. In this study, the genetic relationship between PCV4, mink circovirus (MiCV), bat circovirus (BtCV), PCV1, PCV2, and PCV3 was analyzed, and the consistency of viral proteins in three-dimensional (3D) structure and epitopes was predicted. We found that the genome and protein structure of PCV4 was relatively stable among current circulating PCV4 strains. Furthermore, PCV4 was more similar to MiCV in terms of its genome, protein structure, and epitope levels than other PCVs and BtCVs, suggesting that PCV4 may be derived from MiCV or have a common origin with MiCV, or mink may be an intermediate host of PCV4, which may pose a great threat to other animals and/or even human beings. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor the infection and variation of PCV4, analyze the host spectrum of PCV4, and establish the prevention and treatment methods of PCV4 infection in advance.
猪圆环病毒 4 型(PCV4)是一种新鉴定的猪圆环病毒(PCV),属于圆环病毒科。虽然有几个研究小组对 PCV4 进行了流行病学调查,发现 PCV4 也广泛存在于猪中,但关于 PCV4 的起源和进化的报道很少。本研究分析了 PCV4、水貂圆环病毒(MiCV)、蝙蝠圆环病毒(BtCV)、PCV1、PCV2 和 PCV3 之间的遗传关系,并预测了病毒蛋白在三维(3D)结构和表位上的一致性。我们发现,目前流行的 PCV4 株之间的基因组和蛋白结构相对稳定。此外,PCV4 在基因组、蛋白结构和表位水平上与 MiCV 更为相似,而与其他 PCVs 和 BtCVs 则不相似,这表明 PCV4 可能来源于 MiCV 或与 MiCV 有共同的起源,或者水貂可能是 PCV4 的中间宿主,这可能对其他动物甚至人类构成巨大威胁。因此,有必要不断监测 PCV4 的感染和变异情况,分析 PCV4 的宿主谱,并提前建立预防和治疗 PCV4 感染的方法。