Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños 4031, Philippines.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 20;23(6):3349. doi: 10.3390/ijms23063349.
Neuroplasticity is the capacity of neural networks in the brain to alter through development and rearrangement. It can be classified as structural and functional plasticity. The hippocampus is more susceptible to neuroplasticity as compared to other brain regions. Structural modifications in the hippocampus underpin several neurodegenerative diseases that exhibit cognitive and emotional dysregulation. This article reviews the findings of several preclinical and clinical studies about the role of structural plasticity in the hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. In this study, literature was surveyed using Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, to review the mechanisms that underlie the alterations in the structural plasticity of the hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes the role of structural plasticity in the hippocampus for the etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and identifies the current focus and gaps in knowledge about hippocampal dysfunctions. Ultimately, this information will be useful to propel future mechanistic and therapeutic research in neurodegenerative diseases.
神经可塑性是大脑神经网络通过发育和重新排列而改变的能力。它可以分为结构和功能可塑性。与其他大脑区域相比，海马体更容易发生神经可塑性。海马体的结构改变是几种表现出认知和情绪失调的神经退行性疾病的基础。本文综述了几项关于结构可塑性在神经退行性疾病（包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病和多发性硬化症）中海马体中作用的临床前和临床研究的结果。在这项研究中，使用 Google Scholar、PubMed、Web of Science 和 Scopus 调查了文献，以综述神经退行性疾病中海马体结构可塑性改变的潜在机制。这篇综述总结了结构可塑性在神经退行性疾病发病机制中的作用，并确定了目前对海马体功能障碍的认识重点和空白。最终，这些信息将有助于推动神经退行性疾病的未来机制和治疗研究。
Zotero 插件