Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Food Technology Nutrition and Bioengineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7062, Uganda.
Mental Health Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala P.O. Box 7272, Uganda.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 14;19(6):3398. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063398.
The use and sale of smokeless tobacco (SLT) is prohibited in Uganda under the Tobacco Control Act (TCA), 2015. Nonetheless, SLT products remain available, and there are limited and inconsistent data on SLT users. Additionally, the perceptions of tobacco control stakeholders on SLT are unknown, making it difficult to determine barriers to enforcing the ban. This study examined perceptions of tobacco control stakeholders regarding SLT in Uganda. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with stakeholders who were purposively selected from ministries, semi-autonomous government agencies and Civil Society Organizations. Interviews explored knowledge, attitudes, perceptions of SLT appeal, and user demographics. Data were analysed using Nvivo V.12 software. Participants demonstrated a general lack of awareness of SLT product types and the extent of their use. They believed SLT use was increasing among females and minors and was as harmful to health and the economy as smoking. SLT products were thought to be cheaper than cigarettes and to appeal to minors. Discreet use was thought to help users overcome the cultural aversion towards tobacco use among women and youth in Uganda. There is an urgent need to strengthen the implementation of the SLT ban whilst also increasing efforts to reduce tobacco smoking.
在 2015 年的《烟草控制法案》下,乌干达禁止使用和销售无烟烟草(SLT)。然而,SLT 产品仍然存在,并且关于 SLT 用户的数据有限且不一致。此外,烟草控制利益相关者对 SLT 的看法尚不清楚,这使得确定执行禁令的障碍变得困难。本研究调查了乌干达烟草控制利益相关者对 SLT 的看法。采用半结构式定性访谈,从部委、半自治政府机构和民间社会组织中有意选择利益相关者进行访谈。访谈探讨了他们对 SLT 吸引力的知识、态度和看法,以及用户的人口统计数据。使用 Nvivo V.12 软件对数据进行分析。参与者普遍缺乏对 SLT 产品类型和使用程度的认识。他们认为 SLT 在女性和未成年人中的使用正在增加,并且与吸烟一样对健康和经济有害。SLT 产品被认为比香烟便宜,对未成年人有吸引力。人们认为,这种隐蔽的使用方式有助于克服乌干达女性和青年对烟草使用的文化厌恶。迫切需要加强对 SLT 禁令的执行,同时加大力度减少吸烟。