Joyce Nakitende, Kirabira Anthony, Aryaija-Karemani Adelaine, Tumwesigye Nazarius Mbona
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Makerere University.
Medical Research Council/ Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit.
Res Sq. 2025 May 20:rs.3.rs-6682635. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6682635/v1.
Tobacco use among the youth in Uganda remains higher than general national estimates. To tackle this challenge, the Centre for Tobacco Control in Africa and the World Health Organization assert a need for current data and tobacco use monitoring with emphasis on most at-risk populations. In Uganda, routine monitoring is done through quinquennials; Uganda Demographic Health Survey, World Health Organisation stepwise surveys, Global Adult Tobacco Survey and Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Although recent assessments reported tobacco use among the general population, current data is scarce among the youth in informal settlements. We sought to assess the patterns of tobacco use and associated factors among the youth in informal settlements, with focus on daily tobacco smoking and smokeless tobacco use.
We used a cross-sectional study design. Secondary data which was collected between March 2021 and April 2021 among 422 youth aged 18-30 in Bwaise was used. We used STATA version 17.0 to analyse the data, and Modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors to assess for associations.
The daily smokers were 160/422 (37.9%) while the smokeless tobacco users were 69/422 (16.4%). '' was the most smoked product (145/160) daily. Being male (adj.PR=1.68 [95%CI=1.27-2.23]), aged 21-30 years (adj.PR=1.72 [95% CI=1.28-2.33]), below secondary education (adj.PR=0.69[95%CI=0.56-0.87]), from central Uganda (adj.PR=0.64[95%CI=0.46-0.89]), not knowing that smoking causes serious illness (adj.PR=1.5[95%CI=1.11-2.03]), heart attacks (adj.PR=1.49[95%CI=1.11-4.83]) and lung cancer (adj.PR=1.71[95%CI=1.25-2.35]) were significantly associated with daily tobacco smoking. Age 21-30 years (adj.PR=1.75 [95%CI=1.04-2.96]), not believing that smokeless tobacco causes heart attacks and serious illness (adj.PR=3.02 [95%CI=1.87-4.87]) were associated with smokeless tobacco use.
Daily tobacco smoking and smokeless tobacco use prevalence were both higher than the national estimates. Future policy interventions among among youth in informal settlements should target males, aged 21-30 years, of education level below secondary, originating from central Uganda, as well as address knowledge gaps on the dangers of tobacco use.
乌干达青年中的烟草使用情况仍高于全国总体估计水平。为应对这一挑战，非洲烟草控制中心和世界卫生组织主张需要获取当前数据并对烟草使用情况进行监测，重点关注风险最高的人群。在乌干达，常规监测通过五年一次的调查进行，如乌干达人口与健康调查、世界卫生组织逐步调查、全球成人烟草调查和全球青少年烟草调查。尽管最近的评估报告了普通人群中的烟草使用情况，但非正规住区青年中的当前数据仍然匮乏。我们试图评估非正规住区青年中的烟草使用模式及相关因素，重点关注每日吸烟和无烟烟草使用情况。
我们采用了横断面研究设计。使用了2021年3月至2021年4月期间在布瓦西收集的422名18至30岁青年的二手数据。我们使用STATA 17.0版本分析数据，并使用稳健标准误的修正泊松回归来评估关联性。
每日吸烟者为160/422（37.9%），无烟烟草使用者为69/422（16.4%）。“”是每日吸食最多的产品（145/160）。男性（调整后PR=1.68 [95%CI=1.27 - 2.23]）、年龄在21至30岁之间（调整后PR=1.72 [95%CI=1.28 - 2.33]）、未接受中等教育（调整后PR=0.69[95%CI=0.56 - 0.87]）、来自乌干达中部（调整后PR=0.64[95%CI=0.46 - 0.89]）、不知道吸烟会导致严重疾病（调整后PR=1.5[95%CI=1.11 - 2.03]）、心脏病（调整后PR=1.49[95%CI=1.11 - 4.83]）和肺癌（调整后PR=1.71[95%CI=1.25 - 2.35]）与每日吸烟显著相关。年龄在21至30岁之间（调整后PR=1.75 [95%CI=1.04 - 2.96]）、不认为无烟烟草会导致心脏病和严重疾病（调整后PR=3.02 [95%CI=1.87 - 4.87]）与无烟烟草使用相关。
每日吸烟和无烟烟草使用的患病率均高于全国估计水平。未来针对非正规住区青年的政策干预应针对年龄在21至30岁之间、未接受中等教育、来自乌干达中部的男性，并解决烟草使用危害方面的知识差距。
