Magwood Olivia, Kassam Azaad, Mavedatnia Dorsa, Mendonca Oreen, Saad Ammar, Hasan Hafsa, Madana Maria, Ranger Dominique, Tan Yvonne, Pottie Kevin
C.T. Lamont Primary Care Research Center, Bruyère Research Institute, 85 Primrose Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1R 7G5, Canada.
Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 25 University Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 7K4, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 16;19(6):3549. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063549.
Refugees and asylum seekers often face delayed mental health diagnoses, treatment, and care. COVID-19 has exacerbated these issues. Delays in diagnosis and care can reduce the impact of resettlement services and may lead to poor long-term outcomes. This scoping review aims to characterize studies that report on mental health screening for resettling refugees and asylum seekers pre-departure and post-arrival to a resettlement state. We systematically searched six bibliographic databases for articles published between 1995 and 2020 and conducted a grey literature search. We included publications that evaluated early mental health screening approaches for refugees of all ages. Our search identified 25,862 citations and 70 met the full eligibility criteria. We included 45 publications that described mental health screening programs, 25 screening tool validation studies, and we characterized 85 mental health screening tools. Two grey literature reports described pre-departure mental health screening. Among the included publications, three reported on two programs for women, 11 reported on programs for children and adolescents, and four reported on approaches for survivors of torture. Programs most frequently screened for overall mental health, PTSD, and depression. Important considerations that emerged from the literature include cultural and psychological safety to prevent re-traumatization and digital tools to offer more private and accessible self-assessments.
难民和寻求庇护者往往面临心理健康诊断、治疗和护理的延迟。新冠疫情加剧了这些问题。诊断和护理的延迟会降低重新安置服务的效果，并可能导致不良的长期后果。本综述旨在描述那些报告了对即将重新安置的难民和寻求庇护者在出发前和抵达重新安置国家后进行心理健康筛查的研究。我们系统地检索了六个文献数据库，查找1995年至2020年期间发表的文章，并进行了灰色文献检索。我们纳入了评估针对所有年龄段难民的早期心理健康筛查方法的出版物。我们的检索共识别出25,862条引文，其中70条符合全部纳入标准。我们纳入了45篇描述心理健康筛查项目的出版物、25篇筛查工具验证研究，并对85种心理健康筛查工具进行了特征描述。两份灰色文献报告描述了出发前的心理健康筛查。在所纳入的出版物中，有三篇报告了针对女性的两个项目，11篇报告了针对儿童和青少年的项目，四篇报告了针对酷刑幸存者的方法。项目最常筛查的是总体心理健康、创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症。文献中出现的重要考虑因素包括预防再次创伤的文化和心理安全，以及提供更私密且易于使用自评的数字工具。
