Lefferts Elizabeth C, Saavedra Joseph M, Song Bong Kil, Lee Duck-Chul
Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50014, USA.
J Clin Med. 2022 Mar 12;11(6):1568. doi: 10.3390/jcm11061568.
Whether the COVID-19 pandemic has long-lasting effects on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior in the vulnerable older adult population is uncertain. A total of 387 older adults (75 ± 6 years) completed a retrospective questionnaire on time spent sitting, walking, and performing aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA before, during the first three months, and one year into the COVID-19 pandemic. Whether the participants met the aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA guidelines was then determined. Of the 387 older adults, 376 (97%) were vaccinated. The participants completed 361 ± 426, 293 ± 400, and 454 ± 501 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic PA before, during the first three months, and one year into the pandemic, respectively. During the same time periods, the participants performed muscle-strengthening PA 87 ± 157, 68 ± 163, and 90 ± 176 min/week, walked 2.4 ± 1.7, 2.3 ± 1.7, and 2.6 ± 1.9 h/day, and sat 6.2 ± 2.9, 7.4 ± 3.1, and 6.1 ± 2.9 h/day, respectively. Aerobic PA, muscle-strengthening PA, and walking time decreased, whereas sitting time increased, during the first three months of the pandemic (p < 0.05), and then returned to pre-pandemic levels after one year (p < 0.05). The percentage of participants meeting both aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA guidelines decreased during the first three months of the pandemic (48.9% to 33.5%, p < 0.001), but returned to pre-pandemic levels one year later (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly decreased PA and increased sitting time in older adults; however, both PA and sitting time returned to pre-pandemic levels after one year.
新冠疫情是否会对脆弱的老年人群体的身体活动（PA）和久坐行为产生长期影响尚不确定。共有387名老年人（75±6岁）完成了一份回顾性问卷，内容涉及在新冠疫情之前、疫情头三个月以及疫情一年期间坐着、行走以及进行有氧和肌肉强化PA的时间。然后确定参与者是否符合有氧和肌肉强化PA指南。在这387名老年人中，376人（97%）接种了疫苗。参与者在疫情之前、头三个月以及一年期间，每周进行中度至剧烈有氧PA的时间分别为361±426、293±400和454±501分钟。在同一时期，参与者每周进行肌肉强化PA的时间分别为87±157、68±163和90±176分钟，每天步行时间分别为2.4±1.7、2.3±1.7和2.6±1.9小时，每天坐着的时间分别为6.2±2.9、7.4±3.1和6.1±2.9小时。在疫情的头三个月，有氧PA、肌肉强化PA和步行时间减少，而坐着时间增加（p<0.05），一年后恢复到疫情前水平（p<0.05）。在疫情的头三个月，同时符合有氧和肌肉强化PA指南的参与者比例下降（从48.9%降至33.5%，p<0.001），但一年后恢复到疫情前水平（p<0.001）。总之，新冠疫情显著减少了老年人的PA并增加了坐着的时间；然而，一年后PA和坐着时间都恢复到了疫情前水平。
