Cowan Andrew, Skrede Inger, Moody Suzy Clare
Faculty of Sport, Health and Social Science, Solent University, Southampton SO14 0YN, UK.
Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Mar 10;8(3):283. doi: 10.3390/jof8030283.
wood-decay fungi occupy a diverse range of natural and man-made ecological niches. is a forest-floor generalist with global coverage and strong antagonistic ability, while closely related species contains specialist sister strains with widely differing ecologies. var. is a forest-floor specialist in terms of resource preference and geographic coverage, while var. has successfully invaded the built environment and occupies a building-timber niche. To increase understanding of the cellular machinery required for niche adaptation, a detailed study of the P450 complement of these three strains was undertaken. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are present in all fungi and typically seen in high numbers in wood decay species, with putative roles in breakdown of plant extractives and lignocellulose metabolism. Investigating the genomes of these related yet ecologically diverse fungi revealed a high level of concordance in P450 complement, but with key differences in P450 family representation and expression during growth on wood, suggesting P450 proteins may play a role in niche adaptation. Gene expansion of certain key P450 families was noted, further supporting an important role for these proteins during wood decay. The generalist species was found to have the most P450 genes with the greatest family diversity and the highest number of P450 protein families expressed during wood decay.
木材腐朽真菌占据了各种各样的自然和人造生态位。[某种真菌名称1]是一种覆盖全球且具有强大拮抗能力的林地表层泛化种，而其近缘物种[某种真菌名称2]包含生态差异很大的特化姊妹菌株。[某种真菌名称3]变种在资源偏好和地理分布方面是林地表层特化种，而[某种真菌名称4]变种已成功侵入建筑环境并占据了建筑木材生态位。为了增进对生态位适应所需细胞机制的理解，对这三个菌株的细胞色素P450基因进行了详细研究。细胞色素P450单加氧酶存在于所有真菌中，在木材腐朽物种中数量通常较多，在植物提取物分解和木质纤维素代谢中可能发挥作用。对这些相关但生态多样的真菌基因组进行研究发现，其细胞色素P450基因具有高度一致性，但在木材上生长期间，细胞色素P450家族的代表性和表达存在关键差异，这表明细胞色素P450蛋白可能在生态位适应中发挥作用。某些关键细胞色素P450家族的基因扩增被注意到，进一步支持了这些蛋白在木材腐朽过程中的重要作用。泛化种[某种真菌名称1]被发现具有最多的细胞色素P450基因，家族多样性最大，且在木材腐朽期间表达的细胞色素P450蛋白家族数量最多。
