Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS Nord-de-L'Ile-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 24;12(1):5127. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-08164-6.
Determining the prevalence and characteristics of individuals susceptible to present with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is essential for developing targeted and efficient prevention and screening strategies. We included 27,210 participants aged ≥45 years old (50.3% women) from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Using the STOP questionnaire combined to the percentage of body fat (%BF), we estimated the prevalence of individuals at high-risk for OSA in a sex and age-specific manner, and tested the relation with comorbidities, menopause and systemic inflammation. The prevalence was 17.5%, and was lower in women (13.1%) than in men (21.9%). A high level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was the strongest factor associated with OSA risk and this association was 1.3-2.3 times higher in women than in men. OSA risk increased with age, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, anxio-depressive symptoms, asthma and arthritis. In women, post-menopausal status was associated with a high OSA risk. Nearly 1 adult out of 5 older than 45 is at risk for OSA in Canada. Comorbidities, menopause and systemic inflammation, more than age, explain increased OSA prevalence. Considering this high prevalence and associations with medical and mental comorbidities, health care practitioners should incorporate systematic OSA screening in their clinical procedures.
确定易患阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的个体的患病率和特征对于制定有针对性和有效的预防和筛查策略至关重要。我们纳入了来自加拿大老龄化纵向研究的 27210 名年龄≥45 岁的参与者（女性占 50.3%）。使用 STOP 问卷结合体脂肪百分比（%BF），我们以性别和年龄特异性的方式估计了 OSA 高危个体的患病率，并测试了与合并症、绝经和全身炎症的关系。患病率为 17.5%，女性（13.1%）低于男性（21.9%）。高水平的高敏 C 反应蛋白是与 OSA 风险最相关的因素，这种关联在女性中比男性高 1.3-2.3 倍。OSA 风险随年龄、心血管疾病、糖尿病、焦虑抑郁症状、哮喘和关节炎而增加。在女性中，绝经后状态与 OSA 高风险相关。在加拿大，近 1/5 的 45 岁以上成年人存在 OSA 风险。合并症、绝经和全身炎症，而不是年龄，解释了 OSA 患病率的增加。考虑到这种高患病率以及与医疗和精神合并症的关联，医疗保健从业者应在其临床程序中纳入系统性 OSA 筛查。
