Wang Zhong, Yang Xiuying, Lee Nicholas Zhou, Cao Xudong
Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
Hainan Institute of Science and Technology, Haikou 571125, China.
Micromachines (Basel). 2022 Mar 12;13(3):436. doi: 10.3390/mi13030436.
Aptamers are short and single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules with highly programmable structures that give them the ability to interact specifically with a large variety of targets, including proteins, cells, and small molecules. Multivalent aptamers refer to molecular constructs that combine two or more identical or different types of aptamers. Multivalency increases the avidity of aptamers, a particularly advantageous feature that allows for significantly increased binding affinities in comparison with aptamer monomers. Another advantage of multivalency is increased aptamer stabilities that confer improved performances under physiological conditions for various applications in clinical settings. The current study aims to review the most recent developments in multivalent aptamer research. The review will first discuss structures of multivalent aptamers. This is followed by detailed discussions on design strategies of multivalent aptamer approaches. Finally, recent developments of the multivalent aptamer approach in biosensing and biomedical applications are highlighted.
适配体是短的单链DNA或RNA分子，具有高度可编程的结构，使其能够与多种靶标特异性相互作用，包括蛋白质、细胞和小分子。多价适配体是指结合两个或更多相同或不同类型适配体的分子构建体。多价性增加了适配体的亲和力，这是一个特别有利的特性，与适配体单体相比，它能显著提高结合亲和力。多价性的另一个优点是提高了适配体的稳定性，使其在生理条件下在临床环境中的各种应用中具有更好的性能。本研究旨在综述多价适配体研究的最新进展。综述将首先讨论多价适配体的结构。接下来将详细讨论多价适配体方法的设计策略。最后，重点介绍了多价适配体方法在生物传感和生物医学应用中的最新进展。
