Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea.
Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Korea.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 8;14(6):1144. doi: 10.3390/nu14061144.
Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have reported inconsistent findings regarding the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of ARIs using a meta-analysis of RCTs.
PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant articles in June 2021. Two of the authors independently assessed the eligibility of the trials.
Out of 390 articles retrieved from the databases, we included 18 RCTs, which involved 3648 participants, with 1838 in an intervention group and 1810 in a control group in the final analysis. In the meta-analysis of all the trials, vitamin D supplements had a beneficial effect in the treatment of ARIs (relative risk (RR) = 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.13; I = 66.9%). Publication bias was observed in the funnel plot. In the subgroup meta-analysis of high-quality RCTs, no significant efficacy of vitamin D supplements was found (RR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.98-1.06; I = 24.0%). Although statistically significant changes of 7% in the treatment effects were observed, they are not considered as clinically substantial ones.
The current meta-analysis suggests that vitamin D supplements are not clinically effective in the treatment of ARIs.
最近的随机对照试验（RCT）报告了维生素 D 补充剂治疗急性呼吸道感染（ARI）的疗效不一致。本研究旨在通过 RCT 的荟萃分析来研究维生素 D 补充剂治疗 ARI 的疗效。
2021 年 6 月，我们在 PubMed、EMBASE 和 Cochrane Library 中检索了相关文章。两位作者独立评估了试验的入选标准。
从数据库中检索到 390 篇文章，我们纳入了 18 项 RCT，最终分析中共有 3648 名参与者，其中 1838 名在干预组，1810 名在对照组。在所有试验的荟萃分析中，维生素 D 补充剂对 ARI 的治疗有有益的影响（相对风险（RR）=1.07；95%置信区间（CI），1.01-1.13；I = 66.9%）。漏斗图显示存在发表偏倚。在高质量 RCT 的亚组荟萃分析中，未发现维生素 D 补充剂有显著疗效（RR = 1.02；95% CI，0.98-1.06；I = 24.0%）。虽然观察到治疗效果有 7%的统计学显著变化，但它们不被认为具有临床意义。
目前的荟萃分析表明，维生素 D 补充剂在治疗 ARI 方面没有临床效果。
