Faisal Marwa, Kou Tingting, Zhong Yuyue, Blennow Andreas
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Mar 18;14(6):1235. doi: 10.3390/polym14061235.
As biodegradable and eco-friendly bio-resources, polysaccharides from a wide range of sources show steadily increasing interest. The increasing fossil-based production of materials are heavily associated with environmental and climate concerns, these biopolymers are addressing such concerns in important areas such as food and biomedical applications. Among polysaccharides, high amylose starch (HAS) has made major progress to marketable products due to its unique properties and enhanced nutritional values in food applications. While high amylose-maize, wheat, barley and potato are commercially available, HAS variants of other crops have been developed recently and is expected to be commercially available in the near future. This review edifies various forms and processing techniques used to produce HAS-based polymers and composites addressing their favorable properties as compared to normal starch. Low toxic and high compatibility natural plasticizers are of great concern in the processing of HAS. Further emphasis, is also given to some essential film properties such as mechanical and barrier properties for HAS-based materials. The functionality of HAS-based functionality can be improved by using different fillers as well as by modulating the inherent structures of HAS. We also identify specific opportunities for HAS-based food and biomedical fabrications aiming to produce cheaper, better, and more eco-friendly materials. We acknowledge that a multidisciplinary approach is required to achieve further improvement of HAS-based products providing entirely new types of sustainable materials.
作为可生物降解且环保的生物资源，来自多种来源的多糖越来越受到关注。基于化石的材料产量不断增加，这与环境和气候问题密切相关，而这些生物聚合物正在食品和生物医学应用等重要领域解决此类问题。在多糖中，高直链淀粉由于其独特的性质和在食品应用中增强的营养价值，在推向市场的产品方面取得了重大进展。虽然高直链玉米、小麦、大麦和马铃薯已商业化，但其他作物的高直链淀粉变体最近也已开发出来，并有望在不久的将来实现商业化。本综述阐述了用于生产基于高直链淀粉的聚合物和复合材料的各种形式和加工技术，探讨了它们与普通淀粉相比的优良性能。低毒且高相容性的天然增塑剂在高直链淀粉的加工中备受关注。此外，还重点介绍了基于高直链淀粉材料的一些基本薄膜性能，如机械性能和阻隔性能。通过使用不同的填料以及调节高直链淀粉的固有结构，可以改善基于高直链淀粉的功能。我们还确定了基于高直链淀粉的食品和生物医学制造的特定机会，旨在生产更便宜、更好且更环保的材料。我们认识到，需要采用多学科方法来进一步改进基于高直链淀粉的产品，以提供全新类型的可持续材料。
