Jēkabsone Astra, Andersone-Ozola Una, Karlsons Andis, Romanovs Māris, Ievinsh Gederts
Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., LV-1004 Rīga, Latvia.
Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, 4 Ojāra Vācieša Str., LV-1004 Rīga, Latvia.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Mar 17;11(6):797. doi: 10.3390/plants11060797.
Crop wild relatives represent a valuable resource for the breeding of new crop varieties suitable for sustainable productivity in conditions of climate change. The aim of the present study was to assess salt tolerance of several wild accessions of from habitats with different salinity levels in controlled conditions. Decrease of plant biomass and changes in partitioning between different organs was a characteristic response of plants with increasing substrate salinity, but these responses were genotype-specific. In several accessions, salinity stimulated reproductive development. The major differences in salinity responses between various genotypes were at the level of dry biomass accumulation as well as water accumulation in plant tissues, resulting in relatively more similar effect on fresh mass. Na and Cl accumulation capacity were organ-specific, with leaf petioles accumulating more, followed by leaf blades and stolons. Responses of mineral nutrition clearly were both genotype- and organ-specific, but several elements showed a relatively general pattern, such as increase in Zn concentration in all plant parts, and decrease in Ca and Mg concentration. Alterations in mineralome possibly reflect a reprogramming of the metabolism to adapt to changes in growth, morphology and ion accumulation resulting from effect of NaCl. High intraspecies morphological and physiological variability in responses of accessions to salinity allow to describe them as ecotypes.
作物野生近缘种是培育适合在气候变化条件下实现可持续生产力的新作物品种的宝贵资源。本研究的目的是在可控条件下评估来自不同盐度水平栖息地的几种野生材料的耐盐性。随着基质盐度的增加，植物生物量的减少以及不同器官间分配的变化是植物的典型反应，但这些反应具有基因型特异性。在一些材料中，盐度刺激了生殖发育。不同基因型之间盐度反应的主要差异在于干生物量积累水平以及植物组织中的水分积累，从而对鲜质量产生相对更相似的影响。钠和氯的积累能力具有器官特异性，叶柄积累更多，其次是叶片和匍匐茎。矿质营养的反应显然既具有基因型特异性又具有器官特异性，但几种元素呈现出相对普遍的模式，例如所有植物部位锌浓度增加，钙和镁浓度降低。矿质组的变化可能反映了新陈代谢的重新编程，以适应由氯化钠作用导致的生长、形态和离子积累的变化。野生材料对盐度反应的种内形态和生理高度变异性使得它们可被描述为生态型。
