National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8567, Japan.
National Institute for Environmental Studies, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Fukushima, 963-7700, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 25;12(1):5171. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09072-5.
We obtained the aggregated transfer factor (T) for 10 common edible wild plant species (four perennial spermatophytes, bamboo shoot, two tree species, and three perennial pteridophytes) in northeastern Japan. Measurement of T was carried out in 2012-2019 and we also used publicly available data for 2012-2019: food monitoring data and total deposition data from an airborne survey. The T obtained from actual measurements agreed well with T values calculated from the publicly available data. The sampling locations were only identified at the municipal level and uncertainty of the deposition for the publicly available data, and thus T values showed substantial variation. The T of the perennial spermatophytes, including bamboo shoot, and perennial pteridophytes showed single exponential decline with effective half-lives of approximately 2 years, whereas those of tree species did not show distinct temporal change. These results imply that data since 2014 are applicable for T estimation for long-term potential ingestion dose in the future to the public because of the slow decline. The calculated T values of all species for 2014-2019 ranged from 6.1 × 10 to 5.2 × 10 m/kg-fresh mass. The maximum T value was observed for the tree koshiabura (Chengiopanax sciadophylloides) and the minimum value was observed for the perennial spermatophyte giant butterbur (Petasites japonica). Tree species showed higher T than spermatophyte and pteridophyte perennials.
我们获得了日本东北部 10 种常见食用野生植物（4 种多年生种子植物、竹笋、2 种树木和 3 种多年生蕨类植物）的总转移因子（T）。T 的测量是在 2012 年至 2019 年进行的，我们还使用了 2012 年至 2019 年的公开可用数据：食物监测数据和空气传播调查的总沉降数据。实际测量得到的 T 值与从公开可用数据计算得到的 T 值吻合较好。采样地点仅在市级水平上确定，并且公开可用数据的沉降存在不确定性，因此 T 值显示出较大的变化。包括竹笋在内的多年生种子植物和多年生蕨类植物的 T 值呈单指数下降，有效半衰期约为 2 年，而树木的 T 值则没有明显的时间变化。这些结果表明，由于下降缓慢，自 2014 年以来的数据可用于估算未来公众长期潜在摄入剂量的 T 值。2014-2019 年所有物种的计算 T 值范围为 6.1×10 至 5.2×10 m/kg-鲜质量。树 koshiabura（Chengiopanax sciadophylloides）的 T 值最大，多年生种子植物巨型独活（Petasites japonica）的 T 值最小。树木的 T 值高于多年生种子植物和蕨类植物。
