Prada Sergio I, Garcia-Garcia Maria Paula, Guzman Javier
Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Cra. 98 # 18-49, Cali 760031, Colombia.
Universidad Icesi, Centro PROESA, Cali 760031, Colombia.
Health Policy Technol. 2022 Jun;11(2):100621. doi: 10.1016/j.hlpt.2022.100621. Epub 2022 Mar 22.
Colombia has been hit particularly hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, being ranked 22nd among 187 countries in deaths per 100,000 people by February 2022. The country has also experienced the worst economic recession in its history, with real GDP contracting 7% in 2020. This paper describes Colombia's pre-pandemic context and the overall effect of the pandemic on health and economic indicators and examines the government's response to COVID-19.
Descriptive chronologic policy analysis on the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia and the measures and interventions implemented, using publicly available secondary data from Colombia's official agencies and international sources published from March 2020 to February 2022.
The Colombian healthcare system increased its capacity in terms of infrastructure and human resources (from 8.6 ICU beds per 100,000 pre-pandemic to 21.9 in 2020, from 1.7 to 1.3 per 1000 doctors and nurses, respectively in 2019 to 1.8 and 1.5 per 1000 in 2020). The government commenced the National Vaccination Strategy on February 17, 2021, despite a slow start it managed to fully vaccinate 65.1% of its population, including Venezuelan immigrants, by February 2022.
Colombia's response to the pandemic combines hits and misses. The country organized an early and robust response; increased its healthcare system capacity; designed a risk-based, equitable, and inclusive national vaccination strategy; and introduced a flexible and responsive vaccine rollout. However, the government chose the wrong timing for reform, implemented a long and unpredictable lockdown, was late to procure COVID-19 vaccines and has not appropriately tackled vaccine hesitancy.
Colombia has been hit particularly hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, with over 138,000 COVID-19 deaths and over 6 million cases by the end of February 2022. According to number of deaths per 100,000 people, Colombia ranks 22nd in the world, among 187 countries. The country has also experienced the worst economic recession in its history. The Colombian healthcare system has been able to cope with a high number of COVID-19 cases without collapsing, but some public health indicators deteriorated. Colombia's response to the pandemic combines hits and misses. The country organized an early and robust response; increased its healthcare system capacity; designed a risk-based, equitable, and inclusive national vaccination strategy; and introduced a flexible and responsive vaccine rollout. As of February 2022, Colombia has fully vaccinated 65.1% of its population. However, the government chose the wrong timing for a tax reform, implemented a long and unpredictable lockdown, was late to procure COVID-19 vaccines and has not appropriately tackled vaccine hesitancy, which certainly contributed to its undesirable position in the mortality world raking.
哥伦比亚在新冠疫情中受到的冲击尤为严重，截至2022年2月，在每10万人死亡人数方面，在187个国家中排名第22位。该国还经历了历史上最严重的经济衰退，2020年实际国内生产总值收缩了7%。本文描述了哥伦比亚疫情前的背景以及疫情对健康和经济指标的总体影响，并审视了政府对新冠疫情的应对措施。
对哥伦比亚的新冠疫情以及所实施的措施和干预进行描述性的按时间顺序排列的政策分析，使用2020年3月至2022年2月期间从哥伦比亚官方机构和国际来源公开获取的二手数据。
哥伦比亚的医疗保健系统在基础设施和人力资源方面提高了能力（从疫情前每10万人8.6张重症监护病床增加到2020年的21.9张，医生和护士分别从2019年每1000人1.7人和1.3人增加到2020年的每1000人1.
