Schweizer Valerie J, Mowen Thomas J
Vanderbilt University.
Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA.
Deviant Behav. 2022;43(3):381-395. doi: 10.1080/01639625.2020.1839817. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
Transgender identities are becoming increasingly common in the United States, and existing research provides ample evidence that risky sexual behaviors, substance use, and suicidality are prevalent experiences among transgender persons. Yet, prior research provides little insight into understanding the specific mechanisms that may promote deviant outcomes among transgender persons. Drawing from an aspect of general strain theory, the goal of this study is to examine the extent to which transwomen and transmen vary in risky sexual behaviors, substance use, and suicidality, and to explore the degree to which discrimination - as a source of strain - plays a role within this process. An analysis of data from transgender individuals from the Virginia Transgender Health Initiative Study (THIS) demonstrates that transwomen and transmen significantly diverge in self-reported risky sexual behaviors, substance use, and suicidality. Greater discrimination based on transgender identity relates to significantly increased odds of suicidality and elevated levels of substance use, but does not relate to risky sexual behavior. Overall, effects of discrimination on each outcome are similar for both transwomen and transmen.
在美国，跨性别身份正变得越来越普遍，现有研究提供了充分的证据表明，危险的性行为、药物使用和自杀倾向在跨性别者中是普遍存在的经历。然而，先前的研究对于理解可能促使跨性别者出现偏差结果的具体机制几乎没有提供什么见解。本研究借鉴一般压力理论的一个方面，旨在考察跨性别女性和跨性别男性在危险的性行为、药物使用和自杀倾向方面的差异程度，并探讨作为压力源的歧视在这一过程中所起的作用程度。对弗吉尼亚跨性别健康倡议研究（THIS）中跨性别个体的数据进行分析表明，跨性别女性和跨性别男性在自我报告的危险的性行为、药物使用和自杀倾向方面存在显著差异。基于跨性别身份的更大歧视与自杀倾向的显著增加几率以及更高水平的药物使用有关，但与危险的性行为无关。总体而言，歧视对跨性别女性和跨性别男性的每种结果的影响是相似的。
