Ophthalmology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Department of Veterinary Management of Animal Resources, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2022 Sep;25(5):326-337. doi: 10.1111/vop.12985. Epub 2022 Mar 28.
To describe bacterial isolates and associated antibiotic resistance from horses with ulcerative keratitis in Belgium.
Medical records from horses with ulcerative keratitis presented to the ophthalmology service of the Veterinary teaching hospital of Liege, Belgium, between 2014 and 2021 were evaluated. Bacterial isolates were identified and VITEK 2 (Biomérieux) provided antimicrobial susceptibility testing and resistance detection.
Two hundred eyes of 196 horses were sampled. Ninety-seven eyes had a positive bacterial culture (48.5%) and 139 bacterial isolates were identified. Staphylococcus (63/139: 45.3%) and Streptococcus (33/139: 23.7%) were the most frequent genus isolated. Staphylococcus aureus (21/139: 15.1%) was the most frequent species isolated of which half were methicillin-resistant (MRS). Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (19/139: 13.7%) was the second most identified bacterial isolate. Only two Pseudomonas species were isolated (2/139: 1.4%). The overall resistance of all bacterial isolates against chloramphenicol (12.4%) and fluoroquinolones (14.3%) was low. Resistance against tobramycin, polymyxin B, gentamicin, fusidic acid, tetracycline, and neomycin ranged from 40.8% to 58.6%. When separating the MRS from the other staphylococci, a significant difference was noted in percentage of resistance to gentamicin (p = .00026) and tetracycline (p = .00015). MRS were highly resistant to gentamicin (75%) and tetracycline (100%), whereas the remaining staphylococci were significantly less resistant to gentamicin (17%) and tetracycline (40.4%).
Although Pseudomonas species has been rarely cultured, our results are roughly consistent with previous studies. Multiple drug resistance was high and resistance to first-choice antibiotics in ulcerative keratitis was noted. These results warrant continued monitoring of susceptibility profile.
描述在比利时患有溃疡性角膜炎的马匹中分离出的细菌及其相关的抗生素耐药性。
评估了 2014 年至 2021 年间在比利时列日兽医教学医院眼科就诊的患有溃疡性角膜炎的马匹的病历。对分离出的细菌进行鉴定，并使用 VITEK 2（生物梅里埃）进行了药敏试验和耐药性检测。
200 只眼睛中的 196 匹马接受了采样。97 只眼睛的细菌培养呈阳性（48.5%），共分离出 139 株细菌。分离出的最常见的细菌属是葡萄球菌（63/139：45.3%）和链球菌（33/139：23.7%）。分离出的最常见的细菌种是金黄色葡萄球菌（21/139：15.1%），其中一半为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRS）。分离出的第二种最常见的细菌是马链球菌兽疫亚种（19/139：13.7%）。仅分离出两种假单胞菌（2/139：1.4%）。所有细菌分离株对氯霉素（12.4%）和氟喹诺酮类药物（14.3%）的总体耐药率较低。对妥布霉素、黏菌素 B、庆大霉素、夫西地酸、四环素和新霉素的耐药率范围为 40.8%至 58.6%。当将 MRS 与其他葡萄球菌分离时，对庆大霉素（p=0.00026）和四环素（p=0.00015）的耐药率存在显著差异。MRS 对庆大霉素（75%）和四环素（100%）高度耐药，而其他葡萄球菌对庆大霉素（17%）和四环素（40.4%）的耐药性明显较低。
尽管假单胞菌的培养很少见，但我们的结果与之前的研究大致一致。多重耐药性很高，溃疡性角膜炎的首选抗生素耐药性也很高。这些结果表明需要继续监测药敏谱。
