Walton G R, McCue P A, Graham S D
J Urol. 1986 Dec;136(6):1197-200. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)45281-5.
The transformation of a normal cell through dysplasia to the malignant state usually is associated with changes at the molecular level within the nucleus, cytoplasm and cell surface. These changes can be monitored by the loss of normal cell surface antigens, such as the blood group antigen ABO(H) and major histocompatibility complex antigens, which in the human correlate with the histocompatibility locus antigens. A group of patients with bladder biopsy and diagnosis ranging from normal through severe dysplasia to papillary transitional cell carcinoma, invasive transitional cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ were evaluated for the presence or absence of beta-2-microglobulin. This 11,000 molecular weight protein was used as an indirect marker for the major histocompatibility complex antigens on the cell surface. With immunoperoxidase as a marker, the presence of beta-2-microglobulin was seen in all patients with normal epithelium as well as benign disease. However, with progression through dysplasia to carcinoma there was progressive deletion of the beta-2-microglobulin. Carcinoma in situ exhibited minimal expression of the beta-2-microglobulin. The use of beta-2-microglobulin as a marker for major histocompatibility complex antigens on the cell surface may prove to be useful for monitoring transitional cell carcinoma.
正常细胞通过发育异常转变为恶性状态通常与细胞核、细胞质和细胞表面的分子水平变化有关。这些变化可通过正常细胞表面抗原的丧失来监测，如血型抗原ABO(H)和主要组织相容性复合体抗原，在人类中，这些抗原与组织相容性位点抗原相关。对一组膀胱活检和诊断结果从正常到重度发育异常、乳头状移行细胞癌、浸润性移行细胞癌和原位癌的患者进行了β2微球蛋白检测。这种分子量为11000的蛋白质被用作细胞表面主要组织相容性复合体抗原的间接标志物。以免疫过氧化物酶为标志物，在所有正常上皮以及良性疾病患者中均可见β2微球蛋白的存在。然而，随着发育异常进展为癌症，β2微球蛋白逐渐缺失。原位癌表现出β2微球蛋白的最低表达。使用β2微球蛋白作为细胞表面主要组织相容性复合体抗原的标志物可能被证明对监测移行细胞癌有用。
