Doctoral program Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2022 Mar 1;23(3):985-993. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.3.985.
Breast cancer prevention still needs to be improved. Calorie restriction is thought to prevent breast cancer through the induction of autophagy. Maranta arundinacea L. (MA) has the potential for calorie restriction because it contains high fiber. This research aimed to observe the effect of dietary MA against dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary cancer in Sprague Dawley rats related to autophagy.
Twenty-five Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: 1) control group without DMBA-induced with a standard diet, 2) 20 mg/kg BW of DMBA two times a week for five weeks with a standard diet, 3) DMBA and diet modification with 30% of MA, 4) DMBA and diet modification with 45% of MA, and 5) DMBA and diet modification with 60% of MA. Examination of the nodule was conducted once every week for 22 weeks. Breast tissue/tumor examination underwent histology examination with hematoxylin-eosin. Examinations of immunohistochemical staining against Beclin1, LC3B, and SQSTM1 were conducted to reveal autophagy. The difference of autophagy protein expression was analyzed using One way ANOVA with 95% confidence level and significance set as p<0.05.
Cancer was detected in four rats of DMBA standard diet, two rats of 30% MA, one rat of 45% MA. No cancer was detected in the rats of control and rats with 60% of MA group. The Beclin1 expressions showed that the 60% of MA group had the highest score (2.5±0.52) followed by the 45% of MA group (1.87±0.49), control group (1.77±0.11), 30% of MA group (1.28±0.75), and DMBA with standard diet had the lowest score (1.28±0.91). The difference of Beclin1 expressions was statistically significant (p-value=0.03). However, the difference of the LC3B expressions (p-value=0.11) and SQSTM1 expressions (p-value=0.225) were not statistically significant.
Dietary modifications with MA potentially prevent breast cancer and induce initiation of autophagy.
乳腺癌预防仍需改善。热量限制被认为通过诱导自噬来预防乳腺癌。箭叶芋（MA）含有高纤维，具有热量限制的潜力。本研究旨在观察膳食 MA 对二甲基苯并(a)蒽（DMBA）诱导的 Sprague Dawley 大鼠乳腺癌的影响，与自噬有关。
25 只 Sprague Dawley 大鼠随机分为五组：1）对照组，未用 DMBA 诱导，给予标准饮食；2）每周两次用 20mg/kg BW 的 DMBA 诱导，共 5 周，给予标准饮食；3）DMBA 加 30% MA 的饮食修改；4）DMBA 加 45% MA 的饮食修改；5）DMBA 加 60% MA 的饮食修改。22 周内每周检查一次结节。对乳腺组织/肿瘤进行苏木精-伊红染色的组织学检查。进行免疫组化染色以检测 Beclin1、LC3B 和 SQSTM1，以揭示自噬。使用 95%置信水平的单因素方差分析分析自噬蛋白表达的差异，显著性设置为 p<0.05。
在给予标准饮食的 DMBA 大鼠中，有 4 只检测到癌症，在给予 30% MA 的大鼠中有 2 只，在给予 45% MA 的大鼠中有 1 只。在对照组和给予 60% MA 的大鼠中未检测到癌症。Beclin1 表达显示，60% MA 组的评分最高（2.5±0.52），其次是 45% MA 组（1.87±0.49）、对照组（1.77±0.11）、30% MA 组（1.28±0.75），给予标准饮食的 DMBA 组评分最低（1.28±0.91）。Beclin1 表达的差异具有统计学意义（p 值=0.03）。然而，LC3B 表达（p 值=0.11）和 SQSTM1 表达（p 值=0.225）的差异无统计学意义。
MA 的饮食修改可能预防乳腺癌并诱导自噬的发生。
