INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR 1419, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France.
Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Epigenetics. 2022 Dec;17(12):1726-1737. doi: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2058226. Epub 2022 Mar 29.
Replacing fish meal and oil in trout diets with plant-derived ingredients is a contemporary challenge to move towards more sustainable aquaculture practices. However, such dietary replacement causes hepatic metabolic changes that have not yet been elucidated. Here, we aimed to decipher the effect of a 100% plant-based diet on the hepatic global DNA methylation landscape in trout and assess whether changes depend on fish genetic background. We analysed the global methylome and the expression of DNA (de)methylation-related genes of three isogenic lines that exhibit similar growth when fed a marine resource-based diet (M diet), but differ in their responses to a plant-based diet (V diet). Our results revealed that the V diet induced a decrease in 5-cytosine combined with an increase in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in two of the three analysed lines. For one of these 2 affected lines, when fed the M diet but at the same feed intake of the V diet (MR), no methylome differences were highlighted between M and MR or between MR and V-fed trout whereas for the other affected line, M fed trout displayed a divergent methylome profile from MR and V fed fish. DNA (de)methylation-related genes were also affected by the V or MR diets. Our findings showed that the global hepatic methylome of trout is affected by a V diet, depending on genetic background. This latter effect seems to be due to either a decreased feed intake alone or combined with the effect of the dietary composition .
用植物源性成分替代鳟鱼饲料中的鱼粉和油是向更可持续水产养殖实践迈进的当代挑战。然而，这种饮食替代会导致肝脏代谢发生变化，但这些变化尚未阐明。在这里，我们旨在解码全植物性饮食对鳟鱼肝脏全基因组 DNA 甲基化图谱的影响，并评估这些变化是否取决于鱼类的遗传背景。我们分析了三个同基因系的全甲基组和 DNA（去）甲基化相关基因的表达，这些基因系在食用基于海洋资源的饮食（M 饮食）时表现出相似的生长，但对植物性饮食（V 饮食）的反应不同。我们的结果表明，V 饮食诱导了三种分析的两种系中的 5-胞嘧啶减少，5-羟甲基胞嘧啶增加。对于其中受影响的两个系之一，当以与 V 饮食相同的饲料摄入量喂食 M 饮食（MR）时，M 和 MR 或 MR 和 V 喂养的鳟鱼之间没有甲基组差异，而对于另一个受影响的系，M 喂养的鳟鱼显示出与 MR 和 V 喂养的鱼不同的甲基组谱。DNA（去）甲基化相关基因也受到 V 或 MR 饮食的影响。我们的研究结果表明，鳟鱼的全肝甲基组受 V 饮食的影响，这取决于遗传背景。这种后一种效应似乎是由于饲料摄入量减少或与饮食成分的影响共同作用所致。
