Zwierzchowska Anna, Gawel Eliza, Celebanska Diana, Rosolek Barbara
Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikołowska 72A, 40-065, Katowice, Poland.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2022 Mar 26;14(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s13102-022-00439-9.
With the dynamic development of professional Paralympic sport, the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and structural and/or functional disturbances in Para athletes constantly increases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of internal compensatory mechanisms on selected aspects of body structure and function in elite sitting volleyball players.
The study included eighteen elite sitting volleyball players (male; n = 12, female; n = 6, age; 36.0 ± 6.1, body mass; 76.6 ± 16.1, body height; 179.3 ± 0.1) from the Polish national team. Retrospective and direct participatory observation methods were used in the study. NMQ-7 was used to assess the current prevalence and location of musculoskeletal pain. The evaluation of spinal curvature and pelvic inclination was performed using a non-invasive Medi Mouse method (Idiag M360) in three different trunk positions. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistica 13.3 software package.
Lumbar hypolordosis was a predominant sagittal deviation of spinal curvature (n = 15;83%). Low back pain (LBP) and neck pain were the most frequent complaints (50%). Statistically significant differences in the values of thoracic kyphosis angle, pelvic inclination, and spine length (SL) in sagittal standing flexion and extension were found. However, there was no statistically significant difference in sagittal standing flexion for the lumbar lordosis angle with a simultaneous significant change in pelvic inclination (66.9°). Moreover, a tendency to interpenetration of relationships between variables that characterize (a) body structure and (b) function of the spine and musculoskeletal pain were observed. Shoulder pain correlated with SL (R = 0.6; p < 0.05) and body height (R = 0.5; p < 0.05). Pelvic inclination correlated with shoulder pain, LBP (R = 0.5; p < 0.05/R = 0.6; p < 0.01), and body trunk fat mass (R = - 0.6; p < 0.05).
Trunk fat mass induces internal compensatory mechanisms to maintain optimal pelvic inclination and sagittal spinal balance. Furthermore, the level of pelvic mobility may determine musculoskeletal pain in Para athletes with lower limb impairment.
随着残奥会职业运动的蓬勃发展，残疾运动员肌肉骨骼疼痛以及结构和/或功能障碍的患病率不断上升。本研究旨在评估内部代偿机制对精英坐姿排球运动员身体结构和功能某些方面的影响。
该研究纳入了18名来自波兰国家队的精英坐姿排球运动员（男性12名，女性6名；年龄36.0±6.1岁，体重76.6±16.1千克，身高179.3±0.1厘米）。研究采用回顾性和直接参与观察法。使用NMQ - 7评估肌肉骨骼疼痛的当前患病率和部位。采用非侵入性的Medi Mouse方法（Idiag M360）在三种不同的躯干位置评估脊柱曲度和骨盆倾斜度。所有统计分析均使用Statistica 13.3软件包进行。
腰椎前凸减少是脊柱曲度矢状面偏差的主要表现（n = 15；83%）。下背痛（LBP）和颈部疼痛是最常见的主诉（50%）。在矢状面站立屈伸时，胸椎后凸角、骨盆倾斜度和脊柱长度（SL）的值存在统计学显著差异。然而，腰椎前凸角在矢状面站立屈伸时，虽骨盆倾斜度同时有显著变化（66.9°），但差异无统计学意义。此外，观察到表征（a）身体结构和（b）脊柱及肌肉骨骼疼痛功能的变量之间存在相互影响的趋势。肩部疼痛与SL（R = 0.6；p < 0.05）和身高（R = 0.5；p < 0.05）相关。骨盆倾斜度与肩部疼痛、下背痛（R = 0.5；p < 0.05/R = 0.6；p < 0.01）以及躯干脂肪量（R = - 0.6；p < 0.05）相关。
躯干脂肪量会引发内部代偿机制，以维持最佳骨盆倾斜度和脊柱矢状面平衡。此外，骨盆活动度水平可能决定下肢残疾的残疾运动员的肌肉骨骼疼痛情况。
