体质指数（BMI）或身体脂肪指数（BAI）是否更能评估成年智障人士的体脂肪和部分心血管代谢风险因素？
Is body mass index (BMI) or body adiposity index (BAI) a better indicator to estimate body fat and selected cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with intellectual disabilities?
机构信息
Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, ul. Mikołowska 72a, 40-065, Katowice, Poland.
Physiotherapy Department, The Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biala Podlaska, Sidorska 95/97, 21-500, Biała Podlaska, Poland.
出版信息
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2021 Mar 2;21(1):119. doi: 10.1186/s12872-021-01931-9.
BACKGROUND
The BMI index cannot always be used in people with intellectual disabilities due to neuromuscular coordination disorders and psychological barriers that may hinder conventional body weight measurement. The study aimed to assess the usefulness of BMI and BAI in estimating obesity and body fat in people with intellectual disabilities.
METHODS
The first stage of the research involved 161 people with profound intellectual disabilities. Somatic parameters (BM, BH, WC, HC) were measured and BMI, BAI, WHR were calculated. Fifty seven persons with above-normal BMI and BAI were included in the second stage of the study and biochemical parameters were determined (TC, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, TG, GL).
RESULTS
According to both BMI and BAI classifications, most people were overweight or obese. A high correlation of %BF with BMI and BAI indices was observed (r = 0.78). The sensitivity of both indices was 95.65%. In groups with above-normal BMI and BAI, an upward trend was found for mean values of TC, LDL, TG, and GL, with a simultaneous downward trend for HDL. Statistically significant intergroup differences were recorded for TG and GL (p < 0.05) for both indices (BMI and BAI).
CONCLUSIONS
Our research demonstrated that BAI is complementary to BMI and can be recommended for the estimation of body fat and cardiometabolic risks in people with intellectual disabilities. Due to the ease of measurement, BAI has high utility value.
背景
由于神经肌肉协调障碍和可能阻碍常规体重测量的心理障碍，BMI 指数在智障人士中并不总是适用。本研究旨在评估 BMI 和 BAI 在估计智障人士肥胖和体脂肪中的有用性。
方法
研究的第一阶段涉及 161 名严重智障人士。测量了躯体参数（体重、身高、腰围、臀围）并计算了 BMI、BAI、腰臀比。第二阶段研究纳入了 57 名 BMI 和 BAI 高于正常的人，并测定了生化参数（TC、LDL-胆固醇、HDL-胆固醇、TG、GL）。
结果
根据 BMI 和 BAI 分类，大多数人超重或肥胖。观察到 %BF 与 BMI 和 BAI 指数高度相关（r=0.78）。两个指数的灵敏度均为 95.65%。在 BMI 和 BAI 高于正常的组中，TC、LDL、TG 和 GL 的平均值呈上升趋势，而 HDL 则呈下降趋势。两个指数（BMI 和 BAI）的 TG 和 GL 均记录到组间有统计学显著差异（p<0.05）。
结论
我们的研究表明，BAI 是 BMI 的补充，可以推荐用于估计智障人士的体脂肪和心血管代谢风险。由于测量简便，BAI 具有很高的实用价值。
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