Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2022 Sep;63(5):530-538. doi: 10.1111/vru.13087. Epub 2022 Mar 29.
The etiology of canine perineal hernia (PH) remains unclear, although as a disease of older male dogs, it is likely to be hormonal. The role of the prostate in the formation of PH has been questioned; however, prospective and systematic evaluation of prostates in these dogs is absent in the literature. In this prospective case-control study, CT imaging was used to assess prostatic changes in dogs with PH (n = 46) and compare these findings with those of intact age-matched male dogs (n = 23). Using the OsiriX® DICOM viewer, we measured prostatic volume and correlated it with the size of the dog by using the length of the sixth lumbar vertebra. In addition, we recorded spatial and morphological changes of the prostate, such as heterogenicity, intra- and paraprostatic cysts, and mineralizations, as well as prostatic location and rotation. We found that dogs with PH had larger prostates (P < .001) that more often contained cysts (P < .001) and had larger cyst diameters (P = .013) than age-matched controls. Prostates of PH dogs also contained paraprostatic cysts (17.4%) and focal mineralizations (32.6%), which were absent in the control group. Abnormal rotation and location of the prostate were common in dogs with PH. In conclusion, these findings support the use of CT as an adjunct diagnostic imaging modality for the evaluation of the prostate in dogs with PH. Further studies are needed to evaluate nonprostatic CT findings in the pelvic cavity of PH dogs.
犬会阴疝（PH）的病因尚不清楚，尽管该病多见于老年雄性犬，可能与激素有关。前列腺在 PH 形成中的作用一直存在争议；然而，文献中缺乏对这些犬前列腺的前瞻性和系统性评估。在这项前瞻性病例对照研究中，使用 CT 成像评估 PH 犬（n=46）的前列腺变化，并将这些发现与未受影响的同龄雄性犬（n=23）进行比较。使用 OsiriX® DICOM 查看器，我们测量了前列腺的体积，并通过第六腰椎的长度来计算犬的体型，将前列腺体积与犬体型进行相关分析。此外，我们还记录了前列腺的空间和形态变化，如异质性、前列腺内和前列腺旁囊肿以及矿物质沉积，以及前列腺的位置和旋转。我们发现 PH 犬的前列腺更大（P<0.001），更常含有囊肿（P<0.001），且囊肿直径更大（P=0.013），与年龄匹配的对照组相比。PH 犬的前列腺还含有前列腺旁囊肿（17.4%）和局灶性矿物质沉积（32.6%），对照组则没有。PH 犬的前列腺常出现异常旋转和位置。总之，这些发现支持 CT 作为评估 PH 犬前列腺的辅助诊断成像方式。需要进一步研究以评估 PH 犬盆腔内非前列腺 CT 发现。
