The association of garlic intake and cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Garlic is a common cooking ingredient and used in traditional medicine in Asian countries. There is a growing attention on garlic due to its preventive characteristics in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Many studies have reviewed the association between garlic intake and CVDs; however, no consistent conclusions have been drawn. New clinical trials have also been conducted and could contribute to more solid statements. In order to systematically review the reliability of previous studies regarding the implication of garlic in the management of CVDs, we performed in-depth meta-analysis using the most up-to-date randomized clinical trials (RCTs) data with more systematic controls. According to the 22 studies included, the effects of garlic intake on lowering total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are more noticeable with lower dosage and longer duration, especially in patients with CVDs. In addition, subgroup analysis indicated that appropriate diet intervention could be an important control factor that should be taken into consideration in any future study designs.