Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2022 May;303:102653. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102653. Epub 2022 Mar 22.
COVID-19 is caused via the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a lipid-based enveloped virus with spike-like projections. At present, the global epidemic of COVID-19 continues and waves of SARS-CoV-2, the mutant Delta and Omicron variant which are associated with enhanced transmissibility and evasion to vaccine-induced immunity have increased hospitalization and mortality, the biggest challenge we face is whether we will be able to overcome this virus? On the other side, warm seasons and heat have increased the need for proper ventilation systems to trap contaminants containing the virus. Besides, heat and sweating accelerate the growth of microorganisms. For example, medical staff that is in the front line use masks for a long time, and their facial sweat causes microbes to grow on the mask. Nowadays, efficient air filters with anti-viral and antimicrobial properties have received a lot of attention, and are used to make ventilation systems or medical masks. A wide range of materials plays an important role in the production of efficient air filters. For example, metals, metal oxides, or antimicrobial metal species that have anti-viral and antimicrobial properties, including Ag, ZnO, TiO, CuO, and Cu played a role in this regard. Carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, or derivatives have also shown their role well. In addition, natural materials such as biopolymers such as alginate, and herbal extracts are employed to prepare effective air filters. In this review, we summarized the utilization of diverse materials in the preparation of efficient air filters to apply in the preparation of medical masks and ventilation systems. In the first part, the employing metal and metal oxides is examined, and the second part summarizes the application of carbon materials for the fabrication of air filters. After examination of the performance of natural materials, challenges and progress visions are discussed.
新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）引发的 COVID-19 疫情仍在全球蔓延，其变异株德尔塔（Delta）和奥密克戎（Omicron）具有更强的传播能力和逃避疫苗诱导免疫的能力，导致住院和死亡率上升，这是我们面临的最大挑战，我们能否战胜这种病毒？另一方面，温暖季节和热量增加了对适当通风系统的需求，以捕获含有病毒的污染物。此外，高温和出汗会加速微生物的生长。例如，处于一线的医护人员长时间佩戴口罩，他们面部的汗水会导致口罩上的微生物生长。如今，具有抗病毒和抗菌性能的高效空气过滤器受到了广泛关注，并被用于制造通风系统或医用口罩。广泛的材料在高效空气过滤器的生产中起着重要作用。例如，具有抗病毒和抗菌性能的金属、金属氧化物或抗菌金属物质，包括 Ag、ZnO、TiO、CuO 和 Cu，在这方面发挥了作用。碳纳米材料，如碳纳米管、石墨烯或其衍生物，也表现出了良好的作用。此外，天然材料，如海藻酸盐等生物聚合物和草药提取物，也被用于制备有效的空气过滤器。在这篇综述中，我们总结了不同材料在高效空气过滤器制备中的应用，以应用于医用口罩和通风系统的制备。第一部分考察了金属和金属氧化物的应用，第二部分总结了碳材料在空气过滤器制备中的应用。在考察了天然材料的性能后，讨论了挑战和进展前景。
