Siwei Qu, Ma Ning, Wang Weixin, Chen Sen, Wu Qi, Li Yangqun, Yang Zhe
2nd Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100144, China.
Transl Neurosci. 2022 Mar 7;13(1):38-51. doi: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0214. eCollection 2022 Jan 1.
The most commonly used experimental model for preclinical studies on peripheral nerve regeneration is the sciatic nerve injury model. However, no experimental study has been conducted to evaluate acute injury modes at the same time.
We conducted sciatic nerve transverse injury, clamp injury, keep epineurium and axon cutting injury, and chemical damage injury in rats to evaluate the degree of damage of the four different injury modes and the degree of self-repair after injury.
The sciatic nerve transverse injury model, clamp injury model, keep epineurium injury model, and chemical damage injury model were constructed. Then, the sciatic nerve function was assessed using clinical evaluation methods and electrophysiological examinations, as well as immunofluorescence and axonal counting assessments of the reconstructed nerve pathways.
The evaluations showed that the transverse group had the lowest muscle action potential, sciatic functional index, nociceptive threshold, mechanical threshold, rate of wet gastrocnemius muscle weight, area of muscle fiber, and numbers of myelinated nerve fibers. The chemical group had the highest, while the clamp group and the keep epineurium group had medium.
Transverse injury models have the most stable effect among all damage models; chemical injury models self-recover quickly and damage incompletely with poor stability of effect; and clamp injury models and keep epineurium injury models have no significant differences in many ways with medium stability.
周围神经再生临床前研究中最常用的实验模型是坐骨神经损伤模型。然而，尚未有实验研究同时评估急性损伤模式。
我们在大鼠中进行坐骨神经横断损伤、夹伤、保留神经外膜和轴突切断损伤以及化学损伤，以评估四种不同损伤模式的损伤程度及损伤后的自我修复程度。
构建坐骨神经横断损伤模型、夹伤模型、保留神经外膜损伤模型和化学损伤模型。然后，采用临床评估方法、电生理检查以及对重建神经通路进行免疫荧光和轴突计数评估来评价坐骨神经功能。
评估显示，横断组的肌肉动作电位、坐骨神经功能指数、痛觉阈值、机械阈值、腓肠肌湿重率、肌纤维面积和有髓神经纤维数量最低。化学组最高，夹伤组和保留神经外膜组居中。
在所有损伤模型中，横断损伤模型效果最稳定；化学损伤模型自我恢复快但损伤不完全且效果稳定性差；夹伤模型和保留神经外膜损伤模型在多方面无显著差异且稳定性居中。
