Arazi Hamid, Izadi Mani, Kabirian Hadis
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, 10th km of Tehran road- Khalij-e-Fars highway, Rasht, 4199843653, Iran.
Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. 2022 Mar 29;19(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s11556-022-00288-y.
Studies examining associations of socio-eco-demographic characteristics with physical activity (PA) participation of older adults have produced inconsistent results. Perceived PA barriers may be a possible explanation for the mixed findings. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the correlation of socio-eco-demographic (SED) characteristics with PA of older adults and the moderation effects of perceived barriers of PA.
Three hundred eighty-four older adults (≥ 60 years old) were recruited from public places in six different cities. Questions regarding socio-eco-demographic characteristics, PA, and perceived PA barriers were asked, in-person, by two examiners. Ordinal logistic regression models examined the association of socio-eco-demographic characteristics with subjectively measured PA, and the interactive effects of subscales of perceived PA barriers and socio-eco-demographic variables for PA outcomes.
Significant main effects for PA outcomes were found for education and living status (P < 0.01) and college-educated individuals and those were living in their private houses reported higher PA. Also, 24 significant interactive effects of perceived PA barriers by socio-eco-demographic factors were found (P < 0.05). Significant moderation effects by all subscales of perceived PA barriers were observed for education and living status. The effect of age for the PA outcomes was moderated by "lack of time", "fear of injury", and "lack of skill". Only "fear of injury" and "lack of time" moderated the effect of gender and marriage for outcome variable, respectively. The effect of employment was moderated by "lack of willpower", "fear of injury", "lack of skill" and "lack of resources".
Novel evidence revealed that there are moderations by perceived PA barriers for the effect of almost all socio-eco-demographic characteristics. These findings highlight a need to consider older adults' perspectives and perceptions, when it comes to establish policies for PA participation.
研究社会经济人口特征与老年人身体活动（PA）参与之间的关联，结果并不一致。PA感知障碍可能是这些混合研究结果的一个合理解释。因此，本研究的目的是探讨社会经济人口（SED）特征与老年人PA之间的相关性，以及PA感知障碍的调节作用。
从六个不同城市的公共场所招募了384名老年人（≥60岁）。由两名检查人员亲自询问有关社会经济人口特征、PA和PA感知障碍的问题。有序逻辑回归模型检验了社会经济人口特征与主观测量的PA之间的关联，以及PA感知障碍子量表与PA结果的社会经济人口变量的交互作用。
发现教育程度和生活状况对PA结果有显著的主效应（P<0.01），受过大学教育的个体以及居住在自己房子里的个体报告的PA水平较高。此外，还发现了24个由社会经济人口因素导致的PA感知障碍的显著交互效应（P<0.05）。观察到PA感知障碍的所有子量表对教育程度和生活状况有显著的调节作用。“缺乏时间”、“害怕受伤”和“缺乏技能”调节了年龄对PA结果的影响。只有“害怕受伤”和“缺乏时间”分别调节了性别和婚姻对结果变量的影响。就业的影响受到“缺乏意志力”、“害怕受伤”、“缺乏技能”和“缺乏资源”的调节。
新的证据表明，几乎所有社会经济人口特征的影响都受到PA感知障碍的调节。这些发现强调，在制定PA参与政策时，需要考虑老年人的观点和看法。
