Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
BMC Gastroenterol. 2022 Mar 30;22(1):158. doi: 10.1186/s12876-022-02222-z.
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising at an exponential rate throughout the world. Given the confirmed association between nutritional status and NAFLD, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary patterns with NAFLD in overweight and obese adults.
In this age- and gender-matched case-control study, 115 newly diagnosed cases and 102 control individuals participated. A validated 178-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was administered to assess the participants' dietary data. Dietary patterns were extracted from 24 predefined food groups by factor analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was run to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and NAFLD.
Factor analysis resulted in: "western", "traditional", and "snack and sweets" dietary patterns. The NAFLD odds were greater in participants at the highest quintile of the "western" dietary pattern than the lowest quintile (OR: 3.52; 95% CI: 1.64, 8.61). A significant increasing trend was observed in NAFLD odds across increasing quintiles of the "western" dietary pattern (P-trend = 0.01). After adjusting for the potential confounders, this relationship remained significant (OR: 3.30; 95% CI: 1.06-10.27). After full adjustments, NAFLD had no association with "traditional" or "snack and sweets" dietary patterns.
The "western" dietary pattern containing fast food, refined grains, liquid oil, pickles, high-fat dairy, sweet desserts, red meat, tea, and coffee was associated with increased odds of NAFLD. However, further prospective studies are required to establish these results.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）在全球范围内呈指数增长。鉴于营养状况与 NAFLD 之间的关联已得到证实，本研究旨在探讨饮食模式与超重和肥胖成年人 NAFLD 的关系。
在这项年龄和性别匹配的病例对照研究中，共有 115 名新诊断的病例和 102 名对照者参与。采用经过验证的 178 项半定量食物频率问卷评估参与者的饮食数据。通过因子分析从 24 个预先定义的食物组中提取饮食模式。采用多变量逻辑回归评估饮食模式与 NAFLD 的关系。
因子分析得出了“西方”、“传统”和“零食和甜食”三种饮食模式。与最低五分位数相比，处于“西方”饮食模式最高五分位数的参与者发生 NAFLD 的几率更高（OR：3.52；95%CI：1.64，8.61）。随着“西方”饮食模式五分位数的增加，NAFLD 的几率呈显著上升趋势（P 趋势=0.01）。在调整潜在混杂因素后，这种关系仍然显著（OR：3.30；95%CI：1.06-10.27）。经过全面调整后，“传统”或“零食和甜食”饮食模式与 NAFLD 无关。
包含快餐、精制谷物、液态油、腌制品、高脂肪乳制品、甜点心、红肉、茶和咖啡的“西方”饮食模式与 NAFLD 发生几率增加相关。然而，需要进一步的前瞻性研究来证实这些结果。
