Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Nutrition. 2019 May;61:105-110. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.10.032. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that posteriori-derived dietary patterns of a Greek sample are associated with the odds for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and common NAFLD-related biomarkers.
We recruited 351 individuals (134 NAFLD patients, 217 controls). NAFLD was diagnosed with abdominal ultrasound. Dietary intake data were collected through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire of 172 items and dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis. Consumption of dietary patterns was divided into quartiles. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were applied to investigate associations of dietary patterns with NAFLD odds and common NAFLD-associated biomarkers.
Four dietary patterns were identified. Adherence to the fast food-type dietary pattern was independently associated with higher odds for NAFLD. However, results were statistically significant only for the highest versus the lowest consumption (odds ratio, 3.9; P = 0.003). On the contrary, individuals in the second quartile of the unsaturated fatty acid dietary pattern had 55.7% reduced odds of developing NAFLD than those in the first quartile after adjusting for age, sex, energy intake, physical activity level, pack-years smoked, education years, and presence of metabolic syndrome (P = 0.039). The fast food-type pattern was further associated with higher levels of C-reactive protein and uric acid and the unsaturated fatty acid pattern with reduced levels of insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (P < 0.05). The prudent dietary pattern was associated with decreased triacylglycerol and uric acid levels (β = -5.960; P = 0.037 and β = -0.153; P = 0.035, respectively).
This is the first study to indicate associations of dietary patterns with NAFLD in a European population.
本研究旨在检验以下假设，即希腊人群中基于后验推导的饮食模式与非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的几率以及常见的与 NAFLD 相关的生物标志物相关。
我们招募了 351 名个体（134 名 NAFLD 患者，217 名对照）。通过腹部超声诊断 NAFLD。通过包含 172 项的半定量食物频率问卷收集饮食摄入数据，并通过因子分析得出饮食模式。将饮食模式的摄入量分为四分位数。应用多元逻辑回归和线性回归模型来研究饮食模式与 NAFLD 几率和常见的与 NAFLD 相关的生物标志物之间的关联。
确定了四种饮食模式。快餐型饮食模式的坚持与 NAFLD 几率升高独立相关。然而，结果仅在最高与最低摄入量之间具有统计学意义（比值比，3.9；P=0.003）。相反，在调整年龄、性别、能量摄入、体力活动水平、吸烟包年数、教育年限和代谢综合征存在后，不饱和脂肪酸饮食模式第二四分位数的个体患 NAFLD 的几率比第一四分位数降低 55.7%（P=0.039）。快餐型模式与 C 反应蛋白和尿酸水平升高进一步相关，不饱和脂肪酸模式与胰岛素和稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗降低相关（P<0.05）。谨慎饮食模式与三酰甘油和尿酸水平降低相关（β=-5.960；P=0.037 和 β=-0.153；P=0.035）。
这是第一项表明在欧洲人群中饮食模式与 NAFLD 相关的研究。
