College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P.R. China.
Shaanxi Institute of Microbiology, Xi'an 710043, P.R. China.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 May 28;32(5):564-574. doi: 10.4014/jmb.2202.02029.
Microbial diversity in the soil is responsive to changes in soil composition. However, the impact of soil amendments on the diversity and structure of rare and abundant sub-communities in agricultural systems is poorly understood. We investigated the effects of different Chinese herb residue (CHR) soil amendments and cropping systems on bacterial rare and abundant sub-communities. Our results showed that the bacterial diversity and structure of these sub-communities in soil had a specific distribution under the application of different soil amendments. The CHR soil amendments with high nitrogen and organic matter additives significantly increased the relative abundance and stability of rare taxa, which increased the structural and functional redundancy of soil bacterial communities. Rare and abundant sub-communities also showed different preferences in terms of bacterial community composition, as the former was enriched with while the latter had more and . All applications of soil amendments significantly improved soil quality of newly created farmlands in whole maize cropping system. Rare sub-communitiy genera and were enriched during the maize cropping process, and was enriched under the application of simple amendment group soil. Thus, Chinese medicine residue soil amendments with appropriate additives could affect soil rare and abundant sub-communities and enhance physicochemical properties. These findings suggest that applying soil composite amendments based on CHR in the field could improve soil microbial diversity, microbial redundancy, and soil fertility for sustainable agriculture on the Loess Plateau.
土壤中的微生物多样性对土壤成分的变化有响应。然而，土壤改良剂对农业系统中稀有和丰富亚群落的多样性和结构的影响还知之甚少。我们研究了不同的中草药残渣（CHR）土壤改良剂和种植制度对细菌稀有和丰富亚群落的影响。结果表明，在施用不同土壤改良剂的情况下，土壤中这些亚群落的细菌多样性和结构具有特定的分布。高氮和有机质添加剂的 CHR 土壤改良剂显著增加了稀有分类群的相对丰度和稳定性，增加了土壤细菌群落的结构和功能冗余。稀有和丰富的亚群落在细菌群落组成方面也表现出不同的偏好，前者富含 ，而后者富含 和 。所有土壤改良剂的应用都显著提高了整个玉米种植系统中新垦农田的土壤质量。在玉米种植过程中，稀有亚群属 和 得到了富集，而在简单改良剂组土壤的应用下， 得到了富集。因此，添加适当添加剂的中药渣土壤改良剂可以影响土壤稀有和丰富的亚群落，增强理化性质。这些发现表明，在黄土高原地区田间施用基于 CHR 的土壤复合改良剂可以提高土壤微生物多样性、微生物冗余度和土壤肥力，从而实现可持续农业。
