Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.
Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Apr 27;10(2):e0150621. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01506-21. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
During a surveillance study conducted to assess the occurrence and genomic landscape of critical priority pathogens circulating at the human-animal-environment interface in Brazil, as part of the Grand Challenges Explorations-New Approaches to Characterize the Global Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance program, two multidrug-resistant (MDR) Citrobacter portucalensis carrying extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, isolated from green sea turtles, were characterized. Genomic and phylogeographical analysis of C. portucalensis genomes available in public databases revealed the intercontinental dissemination of clades carrying different arrays of clinically relevant genes conferring resistance to carbapenems, broad-spectrum cephalosporins, cephamycins, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, disinfectants, and heavy metals. Our observations suggest that C. portucalensis could be emerging as critical priority bacteria of both public and One Health importance worldwide. The global spread of antibiotic-resistant priority pathogens beyond the hospital setting is a critical issue within a One Health context that integrates the human-animal-environment interfaces. On the other hand, next-generation sequencing technologies along with user-friendly and high-quality bioinformatics tools have improved the identification of bacterial species, and bacterial resistance surveillance. The novel Citrobacter portucalensis species was proposed in 2017 after taxonomic reclassification and definition of the strain A60 isolated in 2008. Here, we presented genomic data showing the occurrence of multidrug-resistant C. portucalensis isolates carrying ESBL genes in South America. Additionally, we observed the intercontinental dissemination of clades harboring a broad resistome to clinically relevant antibiotics. Therefore, these findings highlight that C. portucalensis is a global MDR bacteria that carries intrinsic - and -type genes and has become a critical priority pathogen due to the acquisition of clinically relevant resistance determinants, such as ESBL and carbapenemase-encoding genes.
在一项监测研究中，评估了巴西人类-动物-环境界面循环的关键优先病原体的发生和基因组景观，该研究是 Grand Challenges Explorations-Characterize the Global Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance program 的新方法的一部分，从绿海龟中分离出两株携带扩展谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）基因的多药耐药（MDR）柠檬酸杆菌，并对其进行了特征描述。对公共数据库中可用的柠檬酸杆菌基因组的基因组和系统发育分析表明，携带不同临床相关基因阵列的分枝在洲际传播，这些基因赋予了对碳青霉烯类、广谱头孢菌素类、头孢菌素类、氨基糖苷类和氟喹诺酮类、消毒剂和重金属的耐药性。我们的观察表明，柠檬酸杆菌可能在全球范围内成为公共卫生和大健康的重要优先细菌。在一个整合了人类-动物-环境界面的大健康背景下，抗生素耐药性优先病原体在医院环境之外的全球传播是一个关键问题。另一方面，下一代测序技术以及用户友好和高质量的生物信息学工具提高了细菌物种的鉴定和细菌耐药性监测。新型柠檬酸杆菌于 2017 年在分类学重新分类和定义 2008 年分离的菌株 A60 后提出。在这里，我们提出了基因组数据，显示了携带 ESBL 基因的多药耐药性柠檬酸杆菌分离株在南美洲的发生情况。此外，我们观察到携带对临床相关抗生素具有广泛耐药性的分枝的洲际传播。因此，这些发现强调了柠檬酸杆菌是一种携带内在和类型基因的全球多药耐药细菌，由于获得了临床相关的耐药决定因素，如 ESBL 和碳青霉烯酶编码基因，因此已成为一种关键优先病原体。
