Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.
Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai 200232, China.
Science. 2022 Apr;376(6588):62-69. doi: 10.1126/science.abk1534. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
The Xinjiang region in northwest China is a historically important geographical passage between East and West Eurasia. By sequencing 201 ancient genomes from 39 archaeological sites, we clarify the complex demographic history of this region. Bronze Age Xinjiang populations are characterized by four major ancestries related to Early Bronze Age cultures from the central and eastern Steppe, Central Asian, and Tarim Basin regions. Admixtures between Middle and Late Bronze Age Steppe cultures continued during the Late Bronze and Iron Ages, along with an inflow of East and Central Asian ancestry. Historical era populations show similar admixed and diverse ancestries as those of present-day Xinjiang populations. These results document the influence that East and West Eurasian populations have had over time in the different regions of Xinjiang.
中国西北部的新疆地区是连接亚欧大陆东西部的历史上重要的地理通道。通过对来自 39 个考古遗址的 201 个古代基因组进行测序，我们阐明了该地区复杂的人口历史。青铜时代的新疆人群具有与来自中东部草原、中亚和塔里木盆地地区的早期青铜时代文化相关的四大主要祖先。从中亚和晚期青铜时代草原文化的混合体在青铜时代和铁器时代继续存在，同时也有东亚和中亚血统的流入。历史时期的人群显示出与现代新疆人群相似的混合和多样的祖先。这些结果记录了亚欧大陆东部和西部人口随着时间的推移在新疆不同地区产生的影响。
