Çetin Fatih Hilmi, Uçaryılmaz Hülya, Uçar Halit Necmi, Artaç Hasibe, Güler Hasan Ali, Duran Sevde Afife, Kılınç Kübra, Türkoğlu Serhat
Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Child and Adolescent Pyschiatry Department, Konya/Turkey.
Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Immunology and Allergy Department, Konya/Turkey.
J Neuroimmunol. 2022 Jun 15;367:577848. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577848. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
The pathophysiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are still not fully elucidated. Immune system dysregulation has emerged as a major etiological focus as a result of the high comorbidity of allergic disease, inflammatory biomarkers, and genetic research. The present study aimed to evaluate peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in children with ADHD.
This single-center cross-sectional case-control study assessed 49 children with ADHD and 35 age- and gender-matched healthy children aged 7-12 years (9.10 ± 2.37 and 9.45 ± 2.13, respectively). The participants were screened for psychopathology using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version, while the severity of ADHD symptoms was measured by means of the distracted-Continuous Performance Test. Peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations and Tregs were analyzed with flow-cytometry.
There is no significant difference in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets between ADHD and control groups The children diagnosed with ADHD exhibited significantly higher levels of CD3 CD4 CD25 Foxp3 (Tregs) than the healthy control subjects (8.23 ± 2.09 vs. 6.61 ± 2.89; z = 2.965, p = .004). The Tregs cell (Exp(B) = 1.334; p = .042; CI = 1.011-1.761) levels were determined to be statistically significant according to regression analysis and were associated with an increased probability of ADHD.
Elevated Treg levels were linked to an increased likelihood of ADHD. This study suggested that changes in immune regulatory cells represent an important part of research in treatment of ADHD.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的病理生理学仍未完全阐明。由于过敏性疾病、炎症生物标志物和基因研究的高共病率，免疫系统失调已成为一个主要的病因研究重点。本研究旨在评估ADHD患儿的外周淋巴细胞亚群和调节性T细胞（Tregs）。
这项单中心横断面病例对照研究评估了49名ADHD患儿和35名年龄和性别匹配的7至12岁健康儿童（分别为9.10±2.37岁和9.45±2.13岁）。使用儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症评定量表（适用于学龄儿童——目前和终生版本）对参与者进行精神病理学筛查，同时通过注意力分散持续性操作测试来测量ADHD症状的严重程度。采用流式细胞术分析外周淋巴细胞亚群和Tregs。
ADHD组和对照组外周血淋巴细胞亚群无显著差异。被诊断为ADHD的儿童的CD3、CD4、CD25、Foxp3（Tregs）水平显著高于健康对照受试者（8.23±2.09对6.61±2.89；z=2.965，p=0.004）。根据回归分析，Tregs细胞水平（Exp(B)=1.334；p=0.042；CI=1.011-1.761）具有统计学意义，且与ADHD患病概率增加相关。
Tregs水平升高与ADHD患病可能性增加有关。本研究表明，免疫调节细胞的变化是ADHD治疗研究的重要组成部分。
