Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia.
Front Public Health. 2022 Mar 10;10:843448. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843448. eCollection 2022.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries took several restrictions to contain the spread of coronavirus. In the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, primary schools in Slovenia were closed for a period long time (from October 19th 2020 until January 18th 2021 when they were partially reopened for 6-9 year olds until February 15th 2021 when they were reopened for all children) and organized sport activities for children and adolescents under the age of 15 was not allowed during this period. The aim of the study was to examine how these restrictions were reflected in the amount of different forms of physical activity (PA) of 6-12-year old children ( = 3,936). Data were collected using an online questionnaire (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form) comparing different forms of PA before (BEFORE) and during (DURING) remote schooling. The results show that there has been a decline in children's PA DURING, specifically, only 4.3% of children had their physical education ≥ 45 min (or 77.7% ≤ 30 min), as is the usual duration in Slovenia. There was also a remarkable decline in extracurricular sports activities ( < 0.001), which BEFORE had been participated by 72.2% of children, while DURING remote schooling, as many as 83.5% of children did not participate these activities. 69.7% of children participated in organized sports in clubs at least once a week, while DURING remote schooling, as many as 88.1% ( < 0.001) did not participate in such form of activities. Furthermore, the time spent exercising in moderate to vigorous PA also decreased (BEFORE 8.2% vs. DURING 24.9%; < 0.001). We found that during lockdown there has been an alarming decrease in the frequency and duration of organized PA at school and at sports clubs. These findings are a good starting point for designing (developing) an effective strategy for promoting health-enhancing PA of children in the event of a future lockdown or similar situations. The strategy should focus on the appropriate implementation of PA curriculum and motivate young people to participate regularly in extracurricular organized and non-organized activities.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，各国采取了多项限制措施来控制冠状病毒的传播。在 COVID-19 大流行的第二波中，斯洛文尼亚的小学长时间关闭（从 2020 年 10 月 19 日至 2021 年 1 月 18 日，部分重新开放给 6-9 岁的儿童，直至 2021 年 2 月 15 日重新开放给所有儿童），在此期间，不允许 15 岁以下的儿童进行组织体育活动。本研究的目的是研究这些限制措施如何反映在 6-12 岁儿童（=3936 人）的不同形式体育活动（PA）的数量上。研究数据通过在线问卷（国际体力活动问卷短表）收集，比较远程学习前后（BEFORE 和 DURING）不同形式 PA 的数量。研究结果表明，儿童的 PA 量在 DURING 期间有所下降，特别是只有 4.3%的儿童的体育课时间≥45 分钟（或 77.7%≤30 分钟），而这是斯洛文尼亚的通常时长。课外体育活动也显著减少（<0.001），在 DURING 远程学习之前，有 72.2%的儿童参加了这些活动，而在 DURING 远程学习期间，多达 83.5%的儿童没有参加这些活动。69.7%的儿童每周至少参加一次俱乐部组织的体育活动，而在 DURING 远程学习期间，多达 88.1%（<0.001）的儿童没有参加这种形式的活动。此外，进行中等到剧烈 PA 的锻炼时间也减少了（BEFORE 8.2%对 DURING 24.9%；<0.001）。我们发现，在封锁期间，学校和体育俱乐部组织的 PA 频率和时间都明显减少。这些发现为设计（制定）促进儿童健康促进 PA 的有效策略提供了一个良好的起点，以防未来的封锁或类似情况。该策略应侧重于适当实施 PA 课程，并激励年轻人定期参加课外有组织和无组织的活动。
