Militello Rosamaria, Pinto Gabriella, Illiano Anna, Luti Simone, Magherini Francesca, Amoresano Angela, Modesti Pietro Amedeo, Modesti Alessandra
Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy.
Front Physiol. 2022 Mar 14;13:813447. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.813447. eCollection 2022.
Monitoring fatigue and recovery during training periods contributes to identifying the best training methods to achieve sports performance. To date, little is known about sex-related differences in sports adaptations. The aim of the present study is to identify sex-related sports adaptation proteins in female basketball players and male basketball players using proteomics approach on plasma samples withdrawn from athletes during in-season training period but far from a competition. A cohort of 20 professional basketball players, 10 female (BF) and 10 male (BM), and 20 sedentary male (10 CM) and female (10 CF) as control, of comparable age and BMI, were involved in this study. Protein profiles of plasma samples obtained from BM, BF, CM, and CF were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. The computational 2-DE gel image analysis pointed out 33 differentially expressed protein spots (ANOVA -value < 0.05) and differences between male and female basketball players are more evident among the players than controls. The expression profile of 54.5% of the total proteins is affected by sports activity. Furthermore, 14 proteins are differentially expressed in basket female players in comparison with their relative controls while seven are differentially expressed in basket male players in comparison with their controls. In conclusion, we identify in female athletes a reduction in proteins related to transcription regulation, most of these modulate chronic inflammation confirming the anti-inflammatory effect of regular training in female muscle metabolism. In male and female athletes, we found a decrease in Transthyretin involved in muscle homeostasis and regeneration and Dermcidin a stress-induced myokine linked to inflammatory and it will be interesting to fully understand the role of its different isoforms in male and female skeletal muscle contraction.
在训练期间监测疲劳和恢复情况有助于确定实现运动成绩的最佳训练方法。迄今为止，对于运动适应中与性别相关的差异知之甚少。本研究的目的是，在赛季内训练期间但远离比赛时，从运动员身上采集血浆样本，采用蛋白质组学方法，识别男女篮球运动员中与性别相关的运动适应蛋白。本研究纳入了一组20名职业篮球运动员，其中10名女性（BF）和10名男性（BM），以及20名年龄和体重指数相当的久坐不动的男性（10名CM）和女性（10名CF）作为对照。通过二维电泳（2-DE）分析从BM、BF、CM和CF获得的血浆样本的蛋白质谱。通过质谱鉴定差异表达的蛋白质。计算机二维凝胶图像分析指出了33个差异表达的蛋白点（方差分析 - 值 < 0.05），男女篮球运动员之间的差异在运动员中比对照组更明显。总蛋白中54.5%的表达谱受运动活动影响。此外，与相对应的对照组相比，14种蛋白质在女篮运动员中差异表达，而与对照组相比，7种蛋白质在男篮运动员中差异表达。总之，我们在女运动员中发现与转录调控相关的蛋白质减少，其中大多数调节慢性炎症，证实了定期训练对女性肌肉代谢的抗炎作用。在男、女运动员中，我们发现参与肌肉稳态和再生的转甲状腺素蛋白以及与炎症相关的应激诱导肌动蛋白Dermcidin减少，充分了解其不同异构体在男女骨骼肌收缩中的作用将很有趣。
