Negatu Getu Abeje, Abebe Getaneh Alemu, Yalew Woynshet Gelaye
Department of Biomedical Science, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
J Parasitol Res. 2022 Mar 22;2022:1306049. doi: 10.1155/2022/1306049. eCollection 2022.
Malaria is one of the major public health problems in developing countries like Ethiopia. Despite efforts to reduce the mortality and morbidity, the disease is still a prominent health problem in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, was undertaken to assess the prevalence of malaria and associated factors among symptomatic patients in Northwest Ethiopia.
A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2020 among 210 febrile patients attending Hamusit Health Center, Northwest Ethiopia. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics and factors perceived to be associated with infection. Questionnaire data was collected through face to face interview. Thin and thick blood films were prepared from capillary blood buffy coat samples. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software version 20.
Out of 210 malaria-suspected participants, 61 (29.0%) were confirmed to be infected by species. and monoinfections were detected in 41 (19.5%) and 10 (4.8%) participants, respectively. Mixed infection was detected in 10 (4.8%) participants. Female participants (AOR = 2.261; 95% CI: 1.118-4.571; = 0.023) and those having family members with history of malaria (AOR =2.261; 95% CI: 1.264-5.340; = 0.009) had higher odds of acquiring infection as compared to their counterparts. Using insecticide-treated bed net and draining stagnant water were the most commonly mentioned malaria prevention measures reported by 71.9% and 8.1% of the respondents, respectively.
Malaria contributes significantly for febrile illnesses in the study area. Therefore, community mobilization should be strengthen in order to improve implementation of malaria control activities and, hence, reducing the prevalence.
疟疾是埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家主要的公共卫生问题之一。尽管为降低死亡率和发病率做出了努力，但该疾病在埃塞俄比亚仍是一个突出的健康问题。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部有症状患者中疟疾的患病率及相关因素。
2020年2月至3月，在埃塞俄比亚西北部哈穆西特健康中心对210名发热患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口学特征以及被认为与感染相关的因素的数据。问卷数据通过面对面访谈收集。从毛细血管血白细胞层样本制备薄血膜和厚血膜。使用社会科学统计软件包20版进行数据分析。
在210名疑似疟疾参与者中,61人（29.0%）被确诊感染疟原虫。分别在41名（19.5%）和10名（4.8%）参与者中检测到间日疟原虫单感染和卵形疟原虫单感染。在10名（4.8%）参与者中检测到混合感染。女性参与者（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.261；95%置信区间[CI]：1.118 - 4.571；P = 0.023）以及有家庭成员患疟疾病史的参与者（AOR = 2.261；95% CI：1.264 - 5.340；P = 0.009）相比其他参与者感染疟原虫的几率更高。分别有71.9%和8.1%的受访者提到使用经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐和排干积水是最常见的疟疾预防措施。
疟疾对研究地区的发热疾病有显著影响。因此，应加强社区动员，以改善疟疾控制活动的实施，从而降低患病率。
