Woldesenbet Dagmawi, Tegegne Yalewayker, Semaw Muluken, Abebe Wagaw, Barasa Silesh, Wubetie Menberu, Tamene Elias, Anteneh Marshet, Yimer Aschalew, Wolde Deneke
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
J Parasitol Res. 2024 May 14;2024:8919098. doi: 10.1155/2024/8919098. eCollection 2024.
Despite extensive efforts and achievements made in prevention and control, malaria is still a public health problem in Ethiopia. Currently, the case number has been climbing, even changing the epidemiology to the previously low-burden reporting locations. Therefore, our study is aimed at assessing malaria prevalence and associated risk factors in outpatients, Northwest Ethiopia.
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 318 malaria-suspected outpatients from October 22 to December 15, 2022, at Teda Health Center, Northwest Ethiopia. Sociodemographic characteristics and malaria risk factors were assessed by a face-to-face interview using a pretested questionnaire. parasites were detected by using microscopy on a blood film stained with 10% and 3% Giemsa stain. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 25, and statistical significance was reported at a value < 0.05.
Of the 318 study participants, 124 (39.0%; 95%CI = 33.6% - 44.6%) tested positive for infection. , , and mixed infections were identified in 71 (57.3%), 47 (37.9%), and 6 (4.8%), respectively, among positive study participants. Individuals above the age of 15 (AOR = 2.704, 95% CI 1.370-5.336) were more likely to be infected with than under-five-year-old individuals. Rural residents (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.281-5.098), those who sleep or work outside at night (AOR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.020-3.875), and individuals who did not use long-lasting insecticide-treated net (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI 1.633-6.499) and had a family member with a history of malaria (AOR = 2.902, 95%CI = 1.671 - 5.041) had higher odds of acquiring infection than their counterparts.
In our study area, malaria was a major health problem, with being the dominant species. Multiple environmental and behavioural factors were associated with the infection acquisition. Therefore, urgent holistic intervention is required.
尽管在疟疾防控方面付出了巨大努力并取得了一些成就，但在埃塞俄比亚，疟疾仍然是一个公共卫生问题。目前，疟疾病例数量一直在攀升，甚至在以前疟疾负担较低的报告地区，疟疾流行情况也发生了变化。因此，我们的研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部门诊患者的疟疾患病率及相关危险因素。
2022年10月22日至12月15日，在埃塞俄比亚西北部的泰达健康中心，对318名疑似疟疾的门诊患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。通过面对面访谈，使用预先测试的问卷评估社会人口学特征和疟疾危险因素。通过显微镜检查10%和3%吉姆萨染色的血涂片来检测疟原虫。使用社会科学统计软件包25版对数据进行分析，当P值<0.05时报告具有统计学意义。
在318名研究参与者中，124人（39.0%；95%置信区间=33.6%-44.6%）检测出疟原虫感染呈阳性。在阳性研究参与者中，分别有71人（57.3%）、47人（37.9%）和6人（4.8%）被鉴定为单一感染、混合感染。15岁以上的个体（调整后比值比=2.704，95%置信区间1.370-5.336）比5岁以下的个体更易感染疟原虫。农村居民（调整后比值比=2.56，95%置信区间1.281-5.098）、夜间在户外睡觉或工作的人（调整后比值比=1.99，95%置信区间1.020-3.875）、未使用长效驱虫蚊帐的个体（调整后比值比=3.26，95%置信区间1.633-6.499）以及有家庭成员有疟疾病史的个体（调整后比值比=2.902，95%置信区间=1.671-5.041）感染疟原虫的几率高于其对应人群。
在我们的研究区域，疟疾是一个主要的健康问题，其中间日疟原虫是优势虫种。多种环境和行为因素与感染的获得有关。因此，需要进行紧急的全面干预。
