Department of Oral Surgery, IIDC, Riphah International University, Islamabad.
Department of Oral Surgery, Foundation University College of Dentistry, Islamabad.
Clin Exp Dent Res. 2022 Jun;8(3):737-741. doi: 10.1002/cre2.545. Epub 2022 Apr 1.
The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and patterns of maxillofacial fractures in falls due to environmental and occupational reasons.
One hundred and nineteen patients were included in this study who presented to the department of Oral and maxillofacial surgery at Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar. The duration of study was 3 years from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. Demographic data such as age, gender and data environmental or occupational etiology of falls and pattern of fractures was noted in a customized Performa after detailed history, clinical and radiographic examination. Patients of maxillofacial fractures resulting due to falls with age ranging from 16 to 64 years were included. Those cases of falls that presented with systemic diseases or had chances of pathological fractures were excluded from the study.
Male population was affected more than females (60% vs. 39.4%). The mean age was 32.39 SD ± 16.031. Falls due to environmental factors were more common than occupational factors (81.5% vs 18.5%). Fracture of midface was more common (57.1%) than fracture of mandible (36.7%) in patients of falls. 5.5% had both midface and mandible fractures.
We concluded that Environmental and work-related facial fractures in falls are common in third and fourth decade of life. Falls due to stumbling, tripping and slipping, falls from height and falls from stairs most commonly result in midface fractures. Mandible fractures are commonly seen in sportsmen and laborers. Preventive strategies shall be adopted to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with such injuries.
本研究旨在确定因环境和职业原因导致的跌倒所致颌面骨折的频率和类型。
本研究纳入了在白沙瓦牙科医学院口腔颌面外科就诊的 119 名患者。研究时间为 2017 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 12 月 31 日，共 3 年。在详细的病史、临床和影像学检查后，我们使用定制的表格记录了患者的人口统计学数据，如年龄、性别以及跌倒的环境或职业病因和骨折类型的数据。我们纳入了因跌倒导致颌面骨折且年龄在 16 至 64 岁之间的患者。排除了因跌倒而出现系统性疾病或有发生病理性骨折可能的病例。
男性患者多于女性（60%比 39.4%）。平均年龄为 32.39 SD ± 16.031。因环境因素导致的跌倒比因职业因素导致的跌倒更为常见（81.5%比 18.5%）。在跌倒患者中，面中部骨折更为常见（57.1%），下颌骨骨折次之（36.7%）。5.5%的患者同时存在面中部和下颌骨骨折。
我们的结论是，跌倒导致的环境和工作相关的面部骨折在第三和第四十年更为常见。绊倒、滑倒、从高处坠落和从楼梯坠落是导致面中部骨折最常见的原因。下颌骨骨折常见于运动员和劳动者。应采取预防策略来降低与这些损伤相关的发病率和死亡率。
