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CRISPR 用于治疗残疾:如何自我调控?

"CRISPR for Disabilities: How to Self-Regulate" or Something?

机构信息

Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3AT, UK.

Translational Genomic Research Institute, 445 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.

出版信息

J Bioeth Inq. 2022 Mar;19(1):151-161. doi: 10.1007/s11673-021-10162-8. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Abstract

The development of the CRISPR gene editing technique has been hyped as a technique that could fundamentally change scientific research and its clinical application. Unrecognized is the fact that it joins other technologies that have tried and failed under the same discourse of scientific hype. These technologies, like gene therapy and stem cell research, have moved quickly passed basic research into clinical application with dire consequences. Before hastily moving to clinical applications, it is necessary to consider basic research and determine how CRISPR/Cas systems should be applied. In the case of single gene diseases, that application is expected to have positive impacts, but as we shift to more complex diseases, the impact could be unintentionally negative. In the context of common disabilities, the level of genetic complexity may render this technology useless but potentially toxic, aggravating a social discourse that devalues those with disabilities. This paper intends to define the issues related to disability that are associated with using the CRIPSR/Cas system in basic research. It also aims to provide a decision tree to help determine whether the technology should be utilized or if alternative approaches beyond scientific research could lead to a better use of limited funding resources.

摘要

CRISPR 基因编辑技术的发展被吹捧为一种可以从根本上改变科学研究及其临床应用的技术。但人们没有意识到,它与其他试图在同样的科学炒作话语下取得成功的技术结合在一起。这些技术,如基因治疗和干细胞研究,已经迅速从基础研究推进到临床应用,带来了可怕的后果。在匆忙推向临床应用之前,有必要考虑基础研究,并确定如何应用 CRISPR/Cas 系统。在单基因疾病的情况下,这种应用有望产生积极影响,但随着我们转向更复杂的疾病,其影响可能会无意中产生负面影响。在常见残疾的背景下,遗传复杂性的程度可能会使这项技术变得无用但又具有潜在毒性,从而加剧了一个贬低残疾人士的社会话语。本文旨在确定与在基础研究中使用 CRISPR/Cas 系统相关的残疾问题。它还旨在提供一个决策树,以帮助确定是否应该利用该技术,或者是否可以通过超越科学研究的替代方法更好地利用有限的资金资源。

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