Sjöberg Linnea, Triolo Federico, Saadeh Marguerita, Dekhtyar Serhiy, Calderón-Larrañaga Amaia, Welmer Anna-Karin
Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18ASE-171 65, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. 2022 Apr 1;19(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s11556-022-00287-z.
Physical activity (PA) decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among older adults, potentially leading to adverse consequences for their health. However, factors associated with reductions of PA during the pandemic have not been examined in a population-based sample of older adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the association of pre-pandemic physical, mental, social and lifestyle factors with reductions in PA in older adults during the first wave of COVID-19, and whether the associations differed by age and sex.
A population-based sample of 624 participants aged 65-99 years were identified from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) COVID19 Study. Information on pre-pandemic factors was collected through clinical examinations, interviews, and self-administered questionnaires in 2016-2019. Changes in light and intense PA during the first wave of the pandemic (May-September 2020) were self-reported. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models, stratified by age (<70 vs. >80 years) and sex.
There was an association between pre-pandemic levels of higher depressive symptom burden (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.6, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.1-6.4, <70 years), and impaired balance (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0-2.8, >80 years old) with reductions in light-intensity PA. Furthermore, the presence of musculoskeletal disease (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1-2.9, <70 years; OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2-4.4, men), moderate/high levels of neuroticism (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0-2.6, <70 years; OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.5, women), and poor levels of social support (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2-4.3, >80 years) were related to reductions in higher-intensity PA. Those who were current smokers (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8, <70 years; OR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.06-0.7, women), or had impaired balance (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8, >80 years) were less likely to reduce their levels of higher-intensity PA.
For future pandemics or waves of COVID-19, development of strategies is warranted for older individuals with psychiatric- or physical illness/dysfunction, as well as those with poor social support to counteract reductions in physical activities.
在新冠疫情期间，身体活动（PA）减少，尤其是在老年人中，这可能会对他们的健康产生不利影响。然而，尚未在基于人群的老年样本中研究疫情期间与PA减少相关的因素。因此，本研究的目的是探讨新冠疫情第一波期间，疫情前的身体、心理、社会和生活方式因素与老年人PA减少之间的关联，以及这些关联是否因年龄和性别而异。
从瑞典斯德哥尔摩市 Kungsholmen地区的老龄化与护理国家研究（SNAC-K）新冠研究中，选取了624名年龄在65 - 99岁之间的基于人群的样本。2016 - 2019年通过临床检查、访谈和自填问卷收集了疫情前因素的信息。疫情第一波期间（2020年5月至9月）轻度和剧烈PA的变化通过自我报告获得。使用多元逻辑回归模型进行数据分析，按年龄（<70岁与>80岁）和性别分层。
疫情前较高的抑郁症状负担水平（优势比（OR）：2.6，95%置信区间（CI）：1.1 - 6.4，<70岁），以及平衡能力受损（OR：1.7，95% CI：1.0 - 2.8，>80岁）与轻度PA减少有关。此外，肌肉骨骼疾病的存在（OR：1.8，95% CI：1.1 - 2.9，<70岁；OR：2.3，95% CI：1.2 - 4.4，男性）、中度/高度神经质（OR：1.6，95% CI：1.0 - 2.6，<70岁；OR：2.2，95% CI：1.3 - 3.5，女性）以及社会支持水平低（OR：2.2，95% CI：1.2 - 4.3，>80岁）与高强度PA减少有关。当前吸烟者（OR：0.3，95% CI：从0.1 - 0.8，<70岁；OR：0.2，95% CI：0.06 - 0.7，女性）或平衡能力受损（OR：0.4，95% CI：0.2 - 0.8，>80岁）的人减少高强度PA水平的可能性较小。
对于未来的大流行或新冠疫情的不同波次，有必要为患有精神或身体疾病/功能障碍以及社会支持差的老年人制定应对策略，以抵消身体活动的减少。
