Stewen Kathrin, Droste Annika, Ruckes Christian, Elger Tania, Theis Susanne, Heimes Anne-Sophie, Schmidt Mona Wanda, Schiestl Lina Judit, Klecker Philip Herbert, Almstedt Katrin, Schmidt Marcus, Brenner Walburgis, Hasenburg Annette, Schwab Roxana
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Trials Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 30;10(15):e35417. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35417. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
Modifiable lifestyle factors exert a substantial influence on the development of various diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the implementation of containment measures to mitigate the viral spread, which affected the maintenance of healthy habits.
Changes in lifestyle factors (e.g. physical activity, nutrition, smoking, drinking alcohol) within a cohort of German women at increased risk of breast cancer (BC) or ovarian cancer (OC) were evaluated through an anonymous web-based survey. The self-reported assessment of mental health was conducted using the PHQ-4 questionnaire. This tool combines two items from the Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression (PHQ-2) and two queries from the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2). Potential predictors of lifestyle changes were determined via multiple logistic regression analysis. A heuristic model was employed to project potential long-term consequences on BC incidence.
During the pandemic, 41.6 % of respondents reported reduced engagement in physical activity (PA), whereas 14.3 % reported increased engagement in PA. A score ≥5 on the PHQ-2 scale emerged as an independent risk factor for reduced PA (OR 12.719; 95 % CI 1.089-148.549; p = 0.043). By the heuristic approach, we projected an increase of BC by 3384 cases in Germany by 2030, which is attributable to the alterations in PA patterns during the pandemic.
Impaired mental health during the pandemic constituted a risk factor for unfavorable changes in PA. Consequently, a surge in BC may arise due to decreased engagement in PA. Healthcare professionals must remain aware of the potential risk factors that facilitate adverse alterations in modifiable risk factors caused by pandemic-related contingency measures or similar future events.
可改变的生活方式因素对多种疾病的发展具有重大影响。新冠疫情使得实施防控措施以减缓病毒传播成为必要，而这影响了健康习惯的维持。
通过一项基于网络的匿名调查，评估了一组患乳腺癌（BC）或卵巢癌（OC）风险增加的德国女性生活方式因素（如体育活动、营养、吸烟、饮酒）的变化。使用PHQ-4问卷对心理健康进行自我报告评估。该工具结合了患者抑郁问卷（PHQ-2）中的两个项目和广泛性焦虑症量表（GAD-2）中的两个问题。通过多元逻辑回归分析确定生活方式变化的潜在预测因素。采用启发式模型预测对BC发病率的潜在长期影响。
在疫情期间，41.6%的受访者报告体育活动（PA）参与度降低，而14.3%的受访者报告PA参与度增加。PHQ-2量表得分≥5成为PA降低的独立危险因素（比值比12.719；95%置信区间1.089 - 148.549；p = 0.043）。通过启发式方法，我们预测到2030年德国BC病例将增加3384例，这归因于疫情期间PA模式的改变。
疫情期间心理健康受损是PA出现不利变化的危险因素。因此，PA参与度降低可能导致BC病例激增。医疗保健专业人员必须始终意识到由疫情相关应急措施或类似未来事件导致的可改变风险因素发生不利变化的潜在风险因素。
