Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, 1959, NE Pacific Street, Box 356560, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2022 Apr;24(4):239-275. doi: 10.1007/s11920-022-01334-3. Epub 2022 Apr 2.
Suicide is a leading cause of death in the perinatal period (pregnancy and 1 year postpartum). We review recent findings on prevalence, risk factors, outcomes, and prevention and intervention for suicide during pregnancy and the first year postpartum.
Standardization of definitions and ascertainment of maternal deaths have improved identification of perinatal deaths by suicide and risk factors for perinatal suicide. Reports of a protective effect of pregnancy and postpartum on suicide risk may be inflated. Clinicians must be vigilant for risk of suicide among their perinatal patients, especially those with mental health diagnoses or prior suicide attempts. Pregnancy and the year postpartum are a time of increased access to healthcare for many, offering many opportunities to identify and intervene for suicide risk. Universal screening for suicide as part of assessment of depression and anxiety along with improved access to mental health treatments can reduce risk of perinatal suicide.
自杀是围产期（妊娠和产后 1 年）的主要死亡原因。我们综述了最近关于妊娠和产后 1 年内自杀的发生率、危险因素、结局以及预防和干预的研究结果。
通过自杀和围生期自杀的危险因素的标准化定义和死亡确定，提高了围生期死亡的识别能力。报告称妊娠和产后对自杀风险有保护作用，这可能被夸大了。临床医生必须对其围生期患者的自杀风险保持警惕，尤其是那些有精神健康诊断或有自杀企图的患者。对许多人来说，妊娠和产后 1 年是增加获得医疗保健机会的时期，这为识别和干预自杀风险提供了很多机会。将自杀筛查作为抑郁和焦虑评估的一部分，普及自杀筛查，并改善精神卫生治疗的可及性，可以降低围生期自杀的风险。
