Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jul 20;831:154937. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154937. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
Studies have shown the usefulness of low impact development (LID) in runoff management in urban areas; however, there is a limited number of systematic decision-making models for ranking LID solutions (i.e., the location and type of LID required). This research proposes a physics-based GIS Multi Criteria Decision Making model (GIS-MCDM), which we refer to as the LID Solution Evaluation and Ranking ApproacH (SERAH). This model integrates the hydrological and socioeconomic-environmental benefits of LID with the subcatchment-level demand of LIDs - this has been traditionally overlooked in previous research. Specifically, SERAH integrates key the contributing criteria, including LID benefits, cost, feasibility, and subcatchment demand to rank LID solutions. To demonstrate the applicability of SERAH, a highly urbanized catchment in Toronto was used as a case-study and three types of LID: rain gardens, infiltration trenches, and porous pavements were considered. The hydrological performance of the ranked solutions was estimated using the stormwater management model, PCSWMM. The resulting LID ranking from SERAH corresponded to the best hydrological performance and LID co-benefits. Runoff volumes were reduced by 8.9-11.3%, and peak runoff values were reduced by 1.3-19.9% compared to the base scenario. The infiltration trench was ranked the highest in 16 of the 19 subcatchments where the cost was identified as a key factor. For the remaining three subcatchments, the rain garden was ranked the highest due to its socioeconomic-environmental benefits outweighing the higher cost. The effect of different rainfall durations, frequencies, and temporal patterns on the performance of the highest-ranked LID solution suggested that LID provide higher performance (runoff volume reduction) in more severe events. SERAH is useful for strategic planning for sustainable infrastructure. Future research is needed to better quantify the socioeconomic and environmental benefits of LID to improve SERAH.
研究表明，低影响开发（LID）在城市地区的径流管理中具有实用性；然而，用于对 LID 解决方案进行排序的系统决策模型的数量有限（即，需要的 LID 的位置和类型）。本研究提出了一种基于物理的 GIS 多标准决策模型（GIS-MCDM），我们称之为 LID 解决方案评估和排序方法（SERAH）。该模型将 LID 的水文和社会经济环境效益与传统上在以前的研究中被忽视的子流域级 LID 需求相结合。具体来说，SERAH 集成了关键的贡献标准，包括 LID 效益、成本、可行性和子流域需求，以对 LID 解决方案进行排序。为了演示 SERAH 的适用性，我们使用多伦多的一个高度城市化流域作为案例研究，并考虑了三种类型的 LID：雨水花园、渗透沟渠和多孔路面。使用雨水管理模型 PCSWMM 估算了所排定解决方案的水文性能。SERAH 的 LID 排序结果与最佳水文性能和 LID 共同效益相对应。与基准情景相比，径流体积减少了 8.9-11.3%，峰值径流值减少了 1.3-19.9%。在 19 个子流域中的 16 个子流域中，渗透沟渠的排名最高，因为成本被确定为关键因素。在其余三个子流域中，雨水花园的排名最高，因为其社会经济环境效益超过了较高的成本。不同降雨持续时间、频率和时间模式对最佳排名 LID 解决方案性能的影响表明，LID 在更严重的事件中提供更高的性能（径流体积减少）。SERAH 有助于可持续基础设施的战略规划。需要进一步的研究来更好地量化 LID 的社会经济和环境效益，以改进 SERAH。
