Naik Rajashree, Sharma Laxmi Kant
Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817 India.
Wetl Ecol Manag. 2022;30(3):477-496. doi: 10.1007/s11273-022-09875-3. Epub 2022 Mar 29.
Globally, saline lakes occupy about 23% by area, and 44% by volume. Importantly, these lakes might desiccate by 2025 due to agricultural diversion, illegal encroachment, or modify due to pollution, and invasive species. India's largest saline lake, Sambhar is currently shrinking at a phenomenal rate of 4.23% every decade due to illegal saltpan encroachments. This study aims to identify the trend of migratory birds and monthly wetland status. Birds' survey was conducted for 2019, 2020 and 2021, and combined it with literature data of 1994, 2003, and 2013, for understanding their visiting trends, feeding habits, migratory and resident birds ratio, along with ecological diversity index analysis. Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was scripted in Google Earth Engine. Results state that lake has been suitable for 97 species. Highest NDWI values was 0.71 in 2021 and lowest 0.008 in 2019. Notably, the decreasing trend of migratory birds coupled with decreasing water level indicates the dubious status for its existence. If these causal factors are not checked, it might completely desiccate. Authors recommend a few steps that might help conservation. Least, the cost of restoration might exceed the revenue generation.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11273-022-09875-3.
在全球范围内，盐湖占地面积约为23%，占水体体积的44%。重要的是，由于农业用水转移、非法侵占，或因污染和入侵物种而发生改变，这些湖泊可能在2025年前干涸。印度最大的盐湖桑巴尔湖目前正以每十年4.23%的惊人速度萎缩，原因是非法盐田侵占。本研究旨在确定候鸟的趋势和每月湿地状况。对2019年、2020年和2021年进行了鸟类调查，并将其与1994年、2003年和2013年的文献数据相结合，以了解它们的来访趋势、觅食习惯、候鸟与留鸟比例，以及生态多样性指数分析。在谷歌地球引擎中编写了归一化差异水指数（NDWI）。结果表明，该湖泊适合97种鸟类生存。2021年NDWI最高值为0.71，2019年最低值为0.008。值得注意的是，候鸟数量的下降趋势以及水位的下降表明其存在状况令人担忧。如果这些因果因素得不到控制，它可能会完全干涸。作者建议了一些可能有助于保护的措施。至少，恢复成本可能会超过收益。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s11273-022-09875-3获取的补充材料。
